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Pouteria campechiana

life science Maturity 5-7 Next article →

The *Pouteria campechiana* is an evergreen tree known for its unique fruit. Many people call this fruit the canistel. It is also known by names like eggfruit, zapote amarillo, or yellow sapote. This tree is native to southern Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, and El Salvador. However, it is now cultivated in many other parts of the world. You can find it growing in India, Brazil, and the United States. It also grows in Australia, Vietnam, and the Philippines. This tree is important because it provides edible fruit and useful wood.

Canistel DS
Canistel DS

The fruit of the canistel has a very specific way of ripening. Scientists call it a climacteric fruit. This means the fruit continues to ripen even after it is harvested from the tree. As the fruit reaches full maturity, its skin turns an intense yellow color. Eventually, the fruit will soften and fall from the tree. It is important to harvest the fruit at the right time. If a fruit is harvested while it is still hard, it may not ripen properly. Such fruits might stay astringent and fail to develop their signature texture.

Canistel DS
Canistel DS

The texture and flavor of the canistel are quite unusual. The flesh is often described as being somewhat pasty. The best varieties of the fruit have a creamy, mousse-like texture. Because of this feel, many people compare the flesh to a hard-boiled egg yolk. This comparison is why the colloquial name "eggfruit" is so common. The flavor is rich and reminds many people of egg custard. The fruit may contain anywhere from one to six large, brown seeds inside.

Canistel DS
Canistel DS

There are many ways to use the canistel in cooking. You can eat the fruit raw when it is ripe. People also use the ripe flesh to make jam, marmalade, or pancakes. It can even be processed into flour. Some people blend the flesh with milk to create a shake. There is a specific type of milkshake known as "eggfruit nog." You can also puree the fruit to add it to custards or ice cream. In its native range, the tree even provides latex. This latex has been used to adulterate chicle.

Canistel DS
Canistel DS

The size and shape of the fruit can change depending on the cultivar. A cultivar is a specific type of plant that has been produced by selective breeding. Better selections of the canistel produce large, ovate fruits. These fruits have a glossy skin and can weigh upwards of 400 g (14 oz). While the fruit is sweet, it can also have astringent properties. This means it has a certain bitterness. Humans can perceive this bitterness, though it is much reduced when the fruit is overripe. Interestingly, insects and birds tend to avoid the fruit, perhaps because of these qualities.

Canistel DS
Canistel DS

The canistel has many different names depending on where you are in the world. Its scientific name, *campechiana*, comes from the Mexican town of Campeche. In the Philippines, it is called chesa, tiessa, or atiesa. In Sri Lanka, the names include lavul or lawalu. In Taiwan, it is called xiantao, which means "peach of the immortals." In Vietnam, it is known as the "chicken egg plant." Throughout Southeast Asia, it is called sawo mentega, or "butter sapodilla." In Indonesia, it is known as alkesah. Even in East Africa, where it is relatively rare, it has a name in Swahili.

Canistel DS
Canistel DS

Beyond food, the canistel tree is useful for building. The wood of the tree is occasionally used in construction. This is especially true in places where the tree is easily available. People use the wood to create items like planks or rafters. The canistel is closely related to other tropical fruits. These include the lúcuma, the mamey sapote, and the abiu. These connections show how the canistel fits into a larger family of important tropical plants.

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