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Pomacanthidae

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Marine angelfish are bright and colorful fish found in warm ocean waters.

Regal angelfish
Regal angelfish

They live on shallow reefs in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Most of them live in the western Pacific Ocean. These fish belong to a group called Pomacanthidae. This name comes from Greek words meaning "cover" and "thorn."

Bluering Angelfish
Bluering Angelfish

They have strong spines on their gill covers. This special feature helps people tell them apart from butterflyfish. They are very important parts of the reef ecosystem.

These fish have many ways to survive in the ocean. They have thin, flat bodies that help them move through reefs. Many species have long, streamer-like fins that look like ribbons.

Flame angelfish (Centropyge loricula)
Flame angelfish (Centropyge loricula)

Their eating habits vary depending on their specific group. For example, Genicanthus fish eat tiny floating animals called zooplankton. Other fish, like the Centropyge, prefer to eat algae. On Caribbean reefs, many angelfish eat sponges. This is helpful because it stops sponges from growing over the coral.

Holacanthus ciliaris 2
Holacanthus ciliaris 2

This keeps the reef healthy for other living things.

Scientists have studied these fish for a long time. Different experts have worked to name and group them. Some taxonomists place them in the order Perciformes. Other experts place them in the order Acanthuriformes. There are about 86 to 88 different species in this family. These species are spread across seven or eight different genera.

Some groups, like Centropyge, are only found on specific islands. This means they are endemic to those small places.

Angelfish come in many different sizes and colors. The gray angelfish, Pomacanthus arcuatus, can grow quite large. On the other side, some Centropyge fish stay under 4 inches.

Many angelfish change their look as they grow up. A young Blue Angelfish is a bright, electric blue. As it becomes an adult, it turns a grayish color. The queen angelfish is also very beautiful with neon blue and yellow scales. Some species are even known to change their sex. This is called being a protogynous hermaphrodite. If a dominant male is removed, a female can become a male.

Many people enjoy watching angelfish in large glass tanks.

Genicanthus personatus NOAA
Genicanthus personatus NOAA

These fish are often kept by people called aquarists. They are known to be very hardy living things. This means they can handle changes in water quality quite well. They can adapt to different levels of water hardness and pH. Some larger species are even bold enough to approach divers in the ocean. However, you should be careful with some large species. Eating certain angelfish can lead to a type of poisoning called ciguatera.

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🖼️ Images & Media (10)
File:Regal angelfish.jpg
Regal angelfish.jpg
File:Bluering Angelfish.jpg
Bluering Angelfish.jpg
File:Apolemichthys xanthurus.JPG
Apolemichthys xanthurus.JPG
File:Flame angelfish (Centropyge loricula).jpg
Flame angelfish (Centropyge loricula).jpg
File:Bluestriped angelfish Chaetodontoplus septentrionalis Side 1883px.jpg
Bluestriped angelfish Chaetodontoplus...
File:Genicanthus personatus NOAA.jpg
Genicanthus personatus NOAA.jpg
File:Holacanthus ciliaris 2.jpg
Holacanthus ciliaris 2.jpg
File:Centropyge multifasciata.jpg
Centropyge multifasciata.jpg
File:Pomocanthus imperator facing right.jpg
Pomocanthus imperator facing right.jpg
File:Pygoplites diacanthus 01.jpg
Pygoplites diacanthus 01.jpg
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