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Owl

life science Maturity 5-7 Next article →

Owls are amazing birds of prey that belong to the order Strigiformes. Most of these birds are nocturnal, which means they are active at night. They are mostly solitary, but a group of owls is called a "parliament."

You can find owls in almost every part of the world. They live everywhere except for the polar ice caps and some far-away islands. There are two main families of owls: the Strigidae and the Tytonidae.

Chouettes
Chouettes

Owls have special ways of working to catch their food. Their feathers are built for silent flight to help them sneak up on prey. Some feathers have serrated edges, which are tiny saw-like shapes, to reduce noise. Other feathers have a velvety surface that absorbs sound.

EulenfederTeil3
EulenfederTeil3

This helps the owl fly quietly through the dark. Their faces also have a facial disc made of feathers. This disc works like a funnel to focus sounds toward their ears.

SpottedEagleOwl2539MGEyeLid
SpottedEagleOwl2539MGEyeLid

This allows them to hear small movements in the night.

An owl's body is built for incredible movement. Their eyes are large and tubular in shape. Because these eyes are fixed in their sockets, they cannot move them. Instead, owls must rotate their entire heads to see around.

Athene cuniculariaa
Athene cuniculariaa

They have 14 neck vertebrae, which is much more than the seven humans have. This helps them turn their heads as much as 270 degrees. Their blood system is also special to keep blood flowing to the brain while they turn.

SpottedEagleOwl2483MGYawn
SpottedEagleOwl2483MGYawn

This lets them look behind them without moving their bodies.

Owls come in many different sizes. The smallest is the elf owl, which weighs very little.

Athene cuniculariaa
Athene cuniculariaa

The largest owls are the Eurasian eagle-owl and Blakiston's fish owl. The females of these large species can have a huge wing span.

Bubo scandiacus (Linnaeus, 1758) Male
Bubo scandiacus (Linnaeus, 1758) Male

In many species, female owls are larger than the males. This is called sexual dimorphism. Some scientists think larger females are better at staying in the nest to care for eggs.

Great Horned Owl at twilight, Mojave Desert
Great Horned Owl at twilight, Mojave Desert

Owls are excellent hunters of many different things. Most owls eat small mammals, insects, or other birds. Some special species even hunt fish.

Great Horned Owl in a Rain Storm in the Mojave
Great Horned Owl in a Rain Storm in the Mojave

Their vision is very good in low light, but they are farsighted. This means they cannot see things clearly if they are very close to their eyes. To help, they use filoplumes, which are hairlike feathers that act like feelers.

SpottedEagleOwl2539MGEyeLid
SpottedEagleOwl2539MGEyeLid

These help them feel their prey. Just like you use your hands to feel things, owls use these feathers.

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🖼️ Images & Media (25)
File:Chouettes.jpg
Chouettes.jpg
File:Athene cuniculariaa.jpg
Athene cuniculariaa.jpg
File:Owl. Birds - defenders of the forest. USSR stamp. 1979.jpg
Owl. Birds - defenders of the forest....
File:Great Horned Owl in a Rain Storm in the Mojave.jpg
Great Horned Owl in a Rain Storm in the Mojave.jpg
File:Great Horned Owl at twilight, Mojave Desert.jpg
Great Horned Owl at twilight, Mojave Desert.jpg
File:Harfang en vol 1.jpg
Harfang en vol 1.jpg
File:Feathers owl vs hawk.png
Feathers owl vs hawk.png
File:EulenfederTeil3.jpg
EulenfederTeil3.jpg
File:SpottedEagleOwl2539MGEyeLid.jpg
SpottedEagleOwl2539MGEyeLid.jpg
File:SpottedEagleOwl2483MGYawn.jpg
SpottedEagleOwl2483MGYawn.jpg
File:Owl sleeping in tree.jpg
Owl sleeping in tree.jpg
File:Vintage Vulture Drawing white background.jpg
Vintage Vulture Drawing white background.jpg

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