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Overijssel

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Overijssel is a province in the eastern part of the Netherlands.

Kaart Overijssel genummerd
Kaart Overijssel genummerd

It serves as a vital link between the Netherlands and Germany. To the east, it borders the German states of Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia. The province is surrounded by several Dutch provinces. Drenthe lies to the north, and Friesland is to the northwest. Flevoland sits to the west, while Gelderland borders the south and west. The name Overijssel literally means "the other side of the river IJssel."

Low Countries Locator Prince-Bischopric Utrecht
Low Countries Locator Prince-Bischopric Utrecht

This name reflects how the land was viewed from the Bishopric of Utrecht.

The history of the region is deeply tied to shifting political powers. Long ago, the area was known as Oversticht. It was part of a territory held by the Bishops of Utrecht. In 1336, the land became part of Guelders. However, it was ceded back to the Bishops in 1347. In 1528, the Bishops gave the Oversticht to Emperor Charles V. He took the title Lord of Overijssel. This title used the Latin name Transysla, which means "the other side of the IJssel."

Low Countries Locator Prince-Bischopric Utrecht
Low Countries Locator Prince-Bischopric Utrecht

Over time, the people of Overijssel joined others in rebelling against Philip II. This era of change continued through the formation of the Batavian Republic in 1795.

Government structures in Overijssel have evolved through many different stages. After the French occupation, the province was reorganized into departments. In 1798, it merged with Drenthe to form Ouden IJssel. This area was renamed Overijssel in 1801. Following the defeat of Napoleon in 1814, the modern province was recreated. The province also saw occupation by Nazi Germany during World War II. This lasted from May 1940 until the liberation in April 1945. Today, the province is managed by a Provincial Council. This council has 47 members who are elected every four years. The King's Commissioner leads both the executive and legislative branches.

The geography of Overijssel is divided into three distinct regions. These are Kop van Overijssel in the northwest, Salland in the center, and Twente in the east. The landscape varies greatly across these areas. In the southeast, the surface is mostly sandy. Small rivers like the Regge and Dinkel flow through this region. In the northwest, the geology consists of clay and sediments from the Overijsselse Vecht. The northern parts were once covered by peat, or bogs. People used this peat as fuel for a long time. Today, only small patches of these bogs remain. The extreme northwest features a system of lakes. These are protected within the Weerribben-Wieden National Park.

Flag of Zwolle
Flag of Zwolle

Overijssel has a diverse economy and a large population. As of January 2023, the population was approximately 1,184,000 people. The capital city is Zwolle, which has 132,441 residents. The largest city is Enschede, with a population of 161,235. The province is highly industrialized. In 2018, the regional Gross domestic product was 43.2 billion euros. This represented 5.6% of the total economic output of the Netherlands. The Twente district is a major center for the Dutch textile industry. This industry grew through cotton spinning, weaving, and bleaching. This activity became prominent during the 19th century. Major industrial cities include Enschede, Almelo, Hengelo, and Oldenzaal.

Transportation is a central part of life in the province. Overijssel is an important transit route for traffic moving toward Germany. Three main motorways serve the area: the A1, A28, and the A35/N35. The A28 is the busiest road in the province. About 130,000 vehicles cross the IJsselbrug every day.

Zwolle N35 Ceintuurbaan
Zwolle N35 Ceintuurbaan

The rail network also provides many connections. Zwolle station acts as a major junction for the region. There are four main intercity connections passing through the province. Some trains provide direct links from Enschede and Oldenzaal to Germany.

Enschede stationsplein
Enschede stationsplein

International intercity trains to Berlin also stop in Deventer, Almelo, and Hengelo. Bicycling is also a very common way to travel daily.

Religion and social life also shape the character of the province. In 2015, about 26.1% of the population was Protestant. About 23.3% identified as Roman Catholic. Over 42% of the people identified as non-religious. The province contains many orthodox Calvinist communities. These are found mostly in the western part of the Bible Belt. Staphorst is a notable location for these communities. Overijssel also has a high concentration of Catholic residents in the east and south. This makes the province a complex mix of different cultural and religious traditions.

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🖼️ Images & Media (30)
File:Low Countries Locator Prince-Bischopric Utrecht.svg
Low Countries Locator Prince-Bischopric...
File:Overijssel verkiezingen 2011.png
Overijssel verkiezingen 2011.png
File:Zwolle N35 Ceintuurbaan.JPG
Zwolle N35 Ceintuurbaan.JPG
File:Enschede stationsplein.JPG
Enschede stationsplein.JPG
File:Kaart Overijssel genummerd.jpg
Kaart Overijssel genummerd.jpg
File:Flag of Dalfsen.svg
Flag of Dalfsen.svg
File:Flag of Hardenberg.svg
Flag of Hardenberg.svg
File:Flag of Kampen.svg
Flag of Kampen.svg
File:Flag of Ommen.svg
Flag of Ommen.svg
File:Staphorst vlag.svg
Staphorst vlag.svg
File:Steenwijkerland vlag.svg
Steenwijkerland vlag.svg
File:Flag of Zwartewaterland.svg
Flag of Zwartewaterland.svg

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