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Ottoman (furniture)

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An ottoman is a versatile piece of furniture. Most ottomans lack backs and arms. They often appear as upholstered low couches. They may also be smaller cushioned seats. People use them as stools or footstools. Some even function as small tables.

Ottoman in a living room
Ottoman in a living room

Many ottomans serve a dual purpose through storage. The seat may feature hinges and a lid. This design creates a hollow space inside. Users can store items like linen or magazines. This makes the ottoman a form of storage furniture. It helps keep living spaces organized and tidy.

There are several distinct types of ottomans. The first type is a large, upholstered low couch. The second type is a smaller seat or stool. A closely allied piece is the ottoman footstool. This version is an upholstered seat on four legs.

Herter Brothers Ottoman, 1881-2, High Museum
Herter Brothers Ottoman, 1881-2, High Museum

These footstools can also serve as fireside seats. They may be covered with carpet, embroidery, or beadwork.

The history of the ottoman begins in the Ottoman Empire. This region is known today as Turkey. In these homes, it was the central piece of residential seating. It originally began as a low wooden platform. People would pile many cushions on top of it.

Herter Brothers Ottoman, 1881-2, High Museum
Herter Brothers Ottoman, 1881-2, High Museum

Early designs were sectional. They wrapped around three walls of a room. Later, they evolved into smaller corner versions. Some were circular seats surrounding a column or pole in public rooms.

This furniture moved to Europe in the late 18th century. It was named after its place of origin. The French used the term "ottomane" in 1729. The first English record appeared in 1789. Thomas Jefferson recorded this in a memorandum book. He wrote that he "Paid for an Ottomane of velours d'Utrecht."

Ottoman in a living room
Ottoman in a living room

During the 19th century, the ottoman changed significantly. European styles standardized on a smaller size. They often took on circular or octagonal shapes. Some designs divided the seat in the center. This division used arms or a central padded column. This column might hold a statue or a plant. Hinged seats also became common during this era.

Herter Brothers Ottoman, 1881-2, High Museum
Herter Brothers Ottoman, 1881-2, High Museum

By the 20th century, the word ottoman became more inclusive. It now encompasses both the large couch and the small footstool. You will often see them as part of living room decor. They are frequently sold as coordinating furniture. They match armchairs, sofas, or gliders.

Ottoman in a living room
Ottoman in a living room

Other names for this piece include hassock or pouf. The ottoman remains a common part of modern homes. It connects historical Turkish seating to modern European design. It shows how furniture can change through different cultures. From large platforms to small footstools, its form follows its function.

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File:Herter Brothers Ottoman, 1881-2, High Museum.JPG
Herter Brothers Ottoman, 1881-2, High Museum.JPG
File:Ottoman in a living room.jpg
Ottoman in a living room.jpg
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