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Notonectidae

life science Maturity 11-13 Next article →

Backswimmers are a special family of water bugs.

Notonecta glauca01
Notonecta glauca01

They belong to a group called Notonectidae. These insects live all over the world. You can find them in still water like lakes and ponds. They also live in marshes and garden ponds. Some can even be found in swimming pools. They are called backswimmers because they swim upside down. This means they swim on their backs.

This way of moving is very different from other bugs.

These bugs are predators that hunt for food. They use their long hind legs to move through the water. These legs have a fringe of hair on them. This hair helps them paddle vigorously. They hunt things like tadpoles and small fish. They have a sharp mouth called a proboscis. This mouth is a tube used for feeding. A stab from this mouth can be painful to a human.

Notonecta glauca01
Notonecta glauca01

They are very good at catching their prey.

There are about 350 different species of backswimmers. They are split into two groups called subfamilies. One group is called Notonectinae. The other group is called Anisopinae. The Notonectinae group has seven genera. The Anisopinae group has four genera. Members of the first group are often larger.

They look a bit like water boatmen. However, you can tell them apart by their color and legs.

Some bugs use a very smart way to dive. The genera Anisops and Buenoa stay underwater in a unique way. They use haemoglobin in their abdomen to hold extra oxygen. This is different from using oxygen in the water. They use air bubbles to help them float or sink. These bubbles are called buoyancy. The bubbles change size as the bug uses the oxygen. This helps the bug control how it moves in the water.

Backswimmers are very good at moving around. Even though they live in water, they can fly well. This flying helps them find new places to live.

Notonecta glauca01
Notonecta glauca01

You might see the species Notonecta glauca in Europe. In the United Kingdom, people call it the greater water boatman. Another type is N. maculata. It has forewings that look like mottled brick. These bugs are a big part of the freshwater world. They show us how life works in many different ways.

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File:Notonecta glauca01.jpg
Notonecta glauca01.jpg
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