Nepedia
Back to Discover
Fluent Reader
🗺️

Nicosia

geography Maturity 11-13 Next article →

Nicosia is the capital city of Cyprus.

Nicosia conurbation map
Nicosia conurbation map

It sits on the flat Mesaoria plain. This city is a very important place for the island. It serves as a main center for business and money. In 2018, it was the 32nd richest city in the world.

Nicosia panoramic view Cyprus Tower 25 Jean Nouvel
Nicosia panoramic view Cyprus Tower 25 Jean Nouvel

It is also the southeasternmost capital in the European Union. Many people live and work there every day.

The city has a very long and complex history. People have lived in this area for over 5,500 years. It has been the capital of Cyprus since the 10th century.

Nicosia. (1878) - TIMEA
Nicosia. (1878) - TIMEA

Long ago, it was known by many different names. An ancient Assyrian text called it Lidir. Later, Greek names like Leucosia became common. This name might mean "the white estate."

Nicosia 1
Nicosia 1

These names show how many different cultures visited the land.

Many different groups have ruled Nicosia over time. The Byzantine Empire chose it as the capital for safety. They moved the seat of power there to stay away from the coast.

Nicosia 01-2017 img04 aqueduct
Nicosia 01-2017 img04 aqueduct

Later, the Lusignan kings ruled from the city. They built beautiful buildings like the Gothic Cathedral of Saint Sophia.

Selimiye Mosque (St. Sophie Cathedral) (36)
Selimiye Mosque (St. Sophie Cathedral) (36)

The Venetians also ruled and built strong walls. These walls were shaped like a star to protect the people.

Venetian walls and green parks Nicosia Republic of Cyprus Kypros
Venetian walls and green parks Nicosia Republic of Cyprus Kypros

Nicosia is famous for being a divided city.

A line called the United Nations Buffer Zone runs through the middle. This zone separates the Republic of Cyprus from Northern Cyprus. The north is recognized only by Turkey.

Nicosia 01-2017 img08 Famagusta Gate
Nicosia 01-2017 img08 Famagusta Gate

This division happened after years of conflict between Greek and Turkish Cypriots. The buffer zone is heavily policed by the United Nations to keep peace. It is the last divided capital in Europe.

You can still see many historic parts of the city today. The Venetian walls have three main gates. These are the Kyrenia, Paphos, and Famagusta gates.

You can also see the old Pedieos river paths.

Even though the city is modern, its old streets tell a story. It remains a busy "Beta −" city in the global world. This means it is a key place for international connections.

340 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (45)
File:Selimiye Mosque (St. Sophie Cathedral) (36).JPG
Selimiye Mosque (St. Sophie Cathedral) (36).JPG
File:Venetian walls and green parks Nicosia Republic of Cyprus Kypros.jpg
Venetian walls and green parks Nicosia...
File:Nicosia by Giacomo Franco.jpg
Nicosia by Giacomo Franco.jpg
File:Nicosia 01-2017 img08 Famagusta Gate.jpg
Nicosia 01-2017 img08 Famagusta Gate.jpg
File:Nicosia 01-2017 img04 aqueduct.jpg
Nicosia 01-2017 img04 aqueduct.jpg
File:Nicosia. (1878) - TIMEA.jpg
Nicosia. (1878) - TIMEA.jpg
File:Hosting the British flag at Nicosia.jpg
Hosting the British flag at Nicosia.jpg
File:1914 Nicosia Cyprus.png
1914 Nicosia Cyprus.png
File:Nicosia boundary extensions.png
Nicosia boundary extensions.png
File:Nicosia Eleftheria Ariadnis Street Nicosia Republic of Cyprus.jpg
Nicosia Eleftheria Ariadnis Street...
File:Nicosia, Cyprus (37581219510).jpg
Nicosia, Cyprus (37581219510).jpg
File:Nicosia panoramic view Cyprus Tower 25 Jean Nouvel.jpg
Nicosia panoramic view Cyprus Tower 25...

+ 33 more

More to explore

🔬 Go deeper

More advanced topics to explore

🪜 Step back

Simpler topics to build understanding

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.