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Marmot

life science Maturity 7-9 Next article →

Marmots are very large ground squirrels. They belong to the genus Marmota. There are 15 different species of these animals. They live in parts of Asia, Europe, and North America.

Marmotte (Montréal)
Marmotte (Montréal)

Marmots are the heaviest and largest squirrels in the world. They are herbivores, so they eat only plants. They like to eat grasses, berries, roots, and flowers.

These animals are very important to their ecosystems.

Marmots have a special way of living through the seasons. During the summer, they are active and live in groups. They spend their time eating and staying social. When winter comes, they hibernate underground.

Marmota baibacina
Marmota baibacina

Hibernation is a deep sleep to survive the cold. They stay in burrows to keep safe. Some marmots even build their homes inside rockpiles. This helps them stay protected during the long winter.

Humans have known about marmots for a very long time. People in ancient times studied them. The Greek historian Herodotus wrote about them in the fifth century BCE.

Jacopo Ligozzi, A Marmot with a Branch of Plums, 1605, NGA 139309
Jacopo Ligozzi, A Marmot with a Branch of Plums, 1605, NGA 139309

Some think his stories were about golden Himalayan marmots. In 1605, Jacopo Ligozzi made a very accurate drawing of one. The name "marmot" might come from a word meaning to mumble. This could be because of the sounds they make.

Marmota caudata Kashmir
Marmota caudata Kashmir

Marmots live in many different places around the world. Some live in the Alps or the Pyrenees in Europe. Others live in the Rocky Mountains in North America.

Hoary Marmot in Glacier National Park
Hoary Marmot in Glacier National Park

The Olympic marmot is the largest in North America. The Alaska marmot is much smaller. In Asia, the Himalayan marmot is quite large too. These animals have different fur colors to match their homes. Pale fur helps those in open areas hide. Darker fur helps those in forests stay hidden.

You might recognize marmots if you have seen a groundhog. Groundhogs are related to marmots, but they are in a different group.

Marmota monax UL 04
Marmota monax UL 04

Some marmots are very social and talk to their friends. They use loud whistles to communicate. This is helpful if they feel alarmed by danger. In Alaska, people even celebrate "Marmot Day" every February 2. It is a fun way to notice these large squirrels. They are truly amazing creatures of the wild.

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🖼️ Images & Media (18)
File:Marmotte (Montréal).jpg
Marmotte (Montréal).jpg
Marmot eating.webm
File:Marmota baibacina.jpg
Marmota baibacina.jpg
File:Сурок Гальичья сопка (5).jpg
Сурок Гальичья сопка (5).jpg
File:Marmota broweri 71042866 (cropped).jpg
Marmota broweri 71042866 (cropped).jpg
File:Сурок черношапочный (камчатский).jpg
Сурок черношапочный (камчатский).jpg
File:Marmota caudata Kashmir.jpg
Marmota caudata Kashmir.jpg
File:Himalayan Marmot at Tshophu Lake Bhutan 091007 b.jpg
Himalayan Marmot at Tshophu Lake Bhutan...
File:Marmota kastschenkoi 1488414.jpg
Marmota kastschenkoi 1488414.jpg
File:Marmotte 2014 2015 (10).JPG
Marmotte 2014 2015 (10).JPG
File:Marmota monax UL 04.jpg
Marmota monax UL 04.jpg
File:Filhote-de-Marmota-Sibirica.jpg
Filhote-de-Marmota-Sibirica.jpg

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