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Maithili language

language culture Maturity 11-13 Next article →

Maithili is a beautiful way of speaking and writing. It is spoken by about 17 million people. These people live in the Mithila region. This region includes parts of India and Nepal. In India, it is spoken in states like Bihar and Jharkhand. In Nepal, it is used in Koshi and Madhesh provinces. Maithili is a very important language for these communities. It is one of the 22 scheduled languages of India. It is also an official language in parts of Nepal.

The consonants of the Mithilakshar script and the corresponding Devnagari
The consonants of the Mithilakshar script and the corresponding Devnagari

People use different ways to write Maithili. Most people today use the Devanagari script. This is a common way to write many Indian languages. However, some people still use older scripts. One is called Tirhuta, which is also known as Mithilakshar. Another historical script is called Kaithi. These older scripts help keep the history of the language alive. Writing is a way to pass stories down through time.

Devanagari extended AY
Devanagari extended AY

Maithili has a very deep and ancient history. The name comes from the kingdom of Mithila. This kingdom was ruled by King Janaka long ago. Some of the oldest writing in this language are called Charyapadas. These are mystical verses from the years 700 to 1300 AD. They were written by people called Siddhas. In the 1300s, Jyotirishwar Thakur wrote a book called Varna Ratnakara. This was the first prose work in a modern Indian language. He wrote it using the Mithilakshar script.

Тірхутська буква GА. Tirhuta letter GA
Тірхутська буква GА. Tirhuta letter GA

Many famous poets and kings helped the language grow. A great poet named Vidyapati lived from 1360 to 1450. He wrote over 1,000 songs about love and daily life. His songs were so famous they spread to many other places. Even the writer Rabindranath Tagore was inspired by these songs. In Nepal, King Bhupatindra Malla also loved the language. He wrote 26 plays in Maithili during his life. These stories and songs are a huge part of the culture.

Today, Maithili is still a very active language. It is used in schools and by the government. In 2003, it became a recognized language in India. In 2018, it became an official language in Jharkhand. There are also many different dialects or ways of speaking. Some are called Bajjika or Angika. Even though they sound different, speakers can still understand each other. This helps keep the many people of Mithila connected.

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🖼️ Images & Media (63)
File:Devanagari extended AY.jpg
Devanagari extended AY.jpg
File:Devanagari extended AY vowelsign.jpg
Devanagari extended AY vowelsign.jpg
File:The consonants of the Mithilakshar script and the corresponding Devnagari.jpg
The consonants of the Mithilakshar script...
File:Тірхутська буква КА. Tirhuta letter КA.png
Тірхутська буква КА. Tirhuta letter КA.png
File:Тірхутська буква КHА. Tirhuta letter КHA.png
Тірхутська буква КHА. Tirhuta letter КHA.png
File:Тірхутська буква GА. Tirhuta letter GA.png
Тірхутська буква GА. Tirhuta letter GA.png
File:Тірхутська буква GHА. Tirhuta letter GHA.png
Тірхутська буква GHА. Tirhuta letter GHA.png
File:Тірхутська буква NGА. Tirhuta letter NGA.png
Тірхутська буква NGА. Tirhuta letter NGA.png
File:Тірхутська буква СА. Tirhuta letter CA.png
Тірхутська буква СА. Tirhuta letter CA.png
File:Тірхутська буква CHА. Tirhuta letter CHA.png
Тірхутська буква CHА. Tirhuta letter CHA.png
File:Тірхутська буква JА. Tirhuta letter JA.png
Тірхутська буква JА. Tirhuta letter JA.png
File:Тірхутська буква JHА. Tirhuta letter JHA.png
Тірхутська буква JHА. Tirhuta letter JHA.png

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