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Liver

life science Maturity 9-11 Vital Level 3 Next article →

The liver is a vital organ found in all vertebrates. It is often called the body's chemical factory. This is because it performs about 500 different jobs. These tasks include making proteins and helping with growth. It also helps the body use nutrients from food. The liver cleans the blood by removing toxins.

Human Hepar
Human Hepar

To do these jobs, the liver uses special cells. Most of the liver is made of hepatocytes. These cells live in small groups called hepatic lobules. Each lobule is shaped like a hexagon. Inside, blood flows through tiny paths called sinusoids.

Hepatic structure2
Hepatic structure2

The liver also makes bile. This is a fluid that helps break up dietary fat. A small pouch called the gallbladder stores this bile. It later sends the bile to the duodenum to help with digestion.

Sobo 1906 389
Sobo 1906 389

Doctors use special words to talk about the liver. They often use the prefix "hepat-" from a Greek word. This is why you might hear terms like hepatology or hepatitis. A British doctor named Francis Glisson studied the liver's structure. He is the namesake for Glisson's capsule. This is the fibrous layer that covers the entire organ.

Gray1085
Gray1085

In humans, the liver has a very specific shape. It is dark reddish brown and wedge-shaped. It has two main lobes, a left and a right. When viewed from below, it has four parts. These are the left, right, caudate, and quadrate lobes.

Sobo 1906 389
Sobo 1906 389

A human liver weighs a certain amount based on a person's size. For men, the standard range is about 1400 to 1600 grams. For women, it is about 1200 to 1400 grams. It is the heaviest internal organ in the body.

You can find your liver in the upper right part of your abdomen. It sits just below the diaphragm. Your lower right ribs help shield it from harm.

Gray1087-liver
Gray1087-liver

The liver connects to two large blood vessels. One is the hepatic artery, which brings oxygen. The other is the portal vein. This vein carries nutrients from the digestive tract to the liver. This way, the liver can process the food you eat.

Hilum of the liver
Hilum of the liver
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🖼️ Images & Media (16)
File:Gray1085.png
Gray1085.png
File:Sobo 1906 389.png
Sobo 1906 389.png
File:Human Hepar.jpg
Human Hepar.jpg
File:Gray1087-liver.png
Gray1087-liver.png
File:Hepatic structure2.svg
Hepatic structure2.svg
File:Hilum of the liver.png
Hilum of the liver.png
File:Liver 04 Couinaud classification animation.gif
Liver 04 Couinaud classification animation.gif
File:CT Scan Thorax Liver.jpg
CT Scan Thorax Liver.jpg
File:Ultrasound liver right lobe and right kidney.jpg
Ultrasound liver right lobe and right kidney.jpg
File:Diagram showing the position of the perihilar bile ducts CRUK 357.svg
Diagram showing the position of the...
File:Big Liver Tumor.JPG
Big Liver Tumor.JPG
File:Scleral Icterus.jpg
Scleral Icterus.jpg

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