Nepedia
Back to Discover
Fluent Reader
📖

Kuomintang

society Maturity 11-13 politics Next article →

This article covers sensitive topics: politics. Parents can manage visibility in Parental Controls.

The Kuomintang, often called the KMT, is a major political party in Taiwan.

KMT Headquarters, Taipei
KMT Headquarters, Taipei

It is part of the Pan-Blue Coalition, which is one of two main political groups in the country. The party follows an idea called the Three Principles of the People. These principles focus on nationalism, democracy, and the livelihood of the people. Today, the KMT is a large party in the Legislative Yuan.

Shilin Division, Kuomintang Taipei City Committee 20161231
Shilin Division, Kuomintang Taipei City Committee 20161231

It is currently led by a chair named Cheng Li-wun. The party works to keep the current status of Taiwan stable.

To understand the KMT, we must look at how it was built.

Sun Yat Sen portrait 2 (9to12)
Sun Yat Sen portrait 2 (9to12)

Sun Yat-sen founded the group in 1894 in Honolulu, Hawaii. He first called it the Revive China Society. In 1919, he changed the name to the Kuomintang in the Shanghai French Concession. Later, the party used a structure called democratic centralism to organize itself.

1st National Congress of Kuomintang of China
1st National Congress of Kuomintang of China

In 1923, the KMT also worked with the Soviet Union to reorganize. This helped them create a system to train many new members.

History shows that the KMT has had many different leaders.

After Sun Yat-sen died in 1925, Chiang Kai-shek became a very powerful leader. He led the Northern Expedition to defeat regional warlords. This effort helped unify much of China under the KMT. Between 1928 and 1949, the KMT was the only ruling party in mainland China. However, they lost control during the Second Sino-Japanese War and a civil war. In December 1949, the party moved its government to the island of Taiwan.

Life in Taiwan changed a lot under KMT rule.

Cina1948
Cina1948

From 1949 until 1987, the party ruled Taiwan under martial law. This meant that many civil liberties were limited for a long time. This era is often called the White Terror. Even with these hard times, the KMT oversaw very fast economic growth. In the 1970s, the party faced many diplomatic setbacks. They lost their seat in the United Nations to the People's Republic of China. This changed how the rest of the world recognized the government.

Since then, the KMT has moved toward a more democratic way of life.

Pan-blue supporters during 2004 ROC presidential election with ROC flags
Pan-blue supporters during 2004 ROC presidential election with ROC flags

In the late 1980s, leader Chiang Ching-kuo lifted martial law. His successor, Lee Teng-hui, helped continue these democratic reforms. In 1996, Lee was re-elected in the first direct presidential election. The KMT has won and lost many elections since that time. For example, Ma Ying-jeou won a big victory in 2008. The party remains a key part of how Taiwan functions today.

420 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (29)
File:Sun Yat Sen portrait 2 (9to12).jpg
Sun Yat Sen portrait 2 (9to12).jpg
File:The revolutionary army attacks Nanking and crosses a stream Wellcome V0047152 (cropped).jpg
The revolutionary army attacks Nanking...
File:1st National Congress of Kuomintang of China.jpg
1st National Congress of Kuomintang of China.jpg
File:Detail without script, 国军编遣委员会大会闭幕摄影 19290125 (cropped).jpg
Detail without script, 国军编遣委员会大会闭幕摄影...
File:Countermand concession.jpg
Countermand concession.jpg
File:kmtarmy.JPG
kmtarmy.JPG
File:19451025 中國戰區臺灣省受降典禮後 臺灣省警備總司令部全體官兵合影.jpg
19451025 中國戰區臺灣省受降典禮後 臺灣省警備總司令部全體官兵合影.jpg
File:Bundesarchiv Bild 135-S-13-14-22, Tibetexpedition, Haus mit Glückszeichen.jpg
Bundesarchiv Bild 135-S-13-14-22,...
File:Kuomintang Party in Xinjiang 1942.jpg
Kuomintang Party in Xinjiang 1942.jpg
File:Cina1948.JPG
Cina1948.JPG
File:蔣中正總統玉照.png
蔣中正總統玉照.png
File:KMT Headquarters, Taipei.JPG
KMT Headquarters, Taipei.JPG

+ 17 more

More to explore

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.