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Kitsune

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In Japanese folklore, a kitsune is more than just a fox. It is often described as a fox spirit with magical powers.

Obake Karuta 3-01
Obake Karuta 3-01

These spirits are known for their ability to shapeshift. This means they can change their appearance to look like something else. Some kitsune are said to bewitch or trick living things. They might lead a traveler off their path in the dark mountains. Other stories say they trick people with fake money made of leaves.

Hiroshige%2C New Year%27s Eve foxfires at the changing tree%2C Oji%2C 1857
Hiroshige%2C New Year%27s Eve foxfires at the changing tree%2C Oji%2C 1857

A kitsune's power is often linked to its age and tails. As a fox lives longer, it can grow more tails. A fox with nine tails is considered very old and powerful.

NineTailsFox
NineTailsFox

Some traditions say a fox only grows a new tail every 100 years. There are different types of foxes mentioned in old texts. For example, the celestial tenko is a very ancient spirit. The white fox, or byakko, is also highly respected. These spirits are often shown with a special fox jewel called a tama. This jewel might help them use their magic.

Tamamo-no-mae-woodblock
Tamamo-no-mae-woodblock

The history of the kitsune appears in many very old records. The word kitsune is found in texts dating back to the year 794. The Nihon Shoki, a famous chronicle from the year 720, mentions foxes as omens. In the year 657, a white fox was seen in Iwami Province. This was seen as a good sign. However, in 659, a fox bit a vine at a shrine. This was viewed as a bad omen for the Empress.

Kuniyoshi Kuzunoha
Kuniyoshi Kuzunoha

Many people in Japan view kitsune as sacred messengers. They are often linked to Inari, the Shinto deity of rice.

Fushimi Inari mini torii
Fushimi Inari mini torii

People believe foxes are sacred because they protect rice from rats. White foxes are seen as good omens that ward off evil. Some people even believe kitsune can act as guardian spirits. In the past, some thought foxes could possess people. This was a widespread superstition in Japan. People would sometimes call for a priest to help.

Blacksmith Munechika, helped by a fox spirit, forging the blade Ko-Gitsune Maru, by Ogata Gekkō
Blacksmith Munechika, helped by a fox spirit, forging the blade Ko-Gitsune Maru, by Ogata Gekkō

Kitsune are still a big part of Japanese culture today. You can find them in traditional Noh and Kabuki plays. They also appear in modern things like anime and video games. People often leave food as offerings to honor them. Many believe kitsune love eating fried tofu, known as abura-age. This is why some noodle dishes are called kitsune udon.

Shuryo-zusetsu(1892)-p141-kitsunetsuri-foxtrap
Shuryo-zusetsu(1892)-p141-kitsunetsuri-foxtrap

These stories help keep the wonder of the kitsune alive.

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🖼️ Images & Media (15)
File:Yoshitoshi - 100 Aspects of the Moon - 91.jpg
Yoshitoshi - 100 Aspects of the Moon - 91.jpg
File:Obake Karuta 3-01.jpg
Obake Karuta 3-01.jpg
File:NineTailsFox.JPG
NineTailsFox.JPG
File:Fushimi Inari mini torii.jpg
Fushimi Inari mini torii.jpg
File:Blacksmith Munechika, helped by a fox spirit, forging the blade Ko-Gitsune Maru, by Ogata Gekkō.jpg
Blacksmith Munechika, helped by a fox...
File:Shuryo-zusetsu(1892)-p141-kitsunetsuri-foxtrap.png
Shuryo-zusetsu(1892)-p141-kitsunetsuri-foxtrap.png
File:A man confronted with an apparition of the Fox goddess.jpg
A man confronted with an apparition of...
File:Chouju 1st scroll-02-rabbit&fox&target.jpg
Chouju 1st scroll-02-rabbit&fox&target.jpg
File:Kuniyoshi Kuzunoha.jpg
Kuniyoshi Kuzunoha.jpg
File:Sankoyokoden-Kayo-fujin-SumidaHokusaiMus.jpg
Sankoyokoden-Kayo-fujin-SumidaHokusaiMus.jpg
File:Tamamo-no-mae-woodblock.jpg
Tamamo-no-mae-woodblock.jpg
File:Prince Hanzoku terrorised by a nine- tailed fox.jpg
Prince Hanzoku terrorised by a nine-...

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