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Kho kho

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Kho kho is a traditional Indian tag sport with ancient roots. It is one of the most popular traditional games in the Indian subcontinent. The name is an onomatopoeia, which means it mimics the sound made during play. Players shout "kho" to signal a change in roles. This sport is valued for its simplicity and affordability. It is widely played by school children and professional athletes alike. Today, the game has spread globally through the South Asian diaspora to nations like England and South Africa.

Kho Kho field 1
Kho Kho field 1

The game is played on a rectangular court. Two poles stand at opposite ends of the field. A central lane connects these two poles. Eight members of the chasing team sit in a crouched position within this central lane. These players face opposite directions so that adjacent teammates face different halves of the field. The ninth player is the active chaser. This player runs to tag members of the defending team. There are three runners on the defending team who try to avoid being caught.

Glimpse of India vs Nepal Match during 4th Asian Kho Kho Championship
Glimpse of India vs Nepal Match during 4th Asian Kho Kho Championship

Specific rules govern how the active chaser moves. The chaser cannot cross the central lane to reach the other side of the court. They also cannot change direction once they begin running toward a pole. To bypass these limits, a chaser must give a "kho" to a sitting teammate. This involves touching the teammate on the back and shouting the word. The new active chaser must then face the direction the previous player was facing. A chaser can also change direction by running behind one of the poles into a free zone. The free zone is a 1.5-meter area behind each pole where movement is unrestricted.

Kho Kho field 1
Kho Kho field 1

Scoring occurs when a defender is successfully tagged or dismissed. A defender is out if they are touched, step out of the court, or enter the field late. Each successful tag earns the chasing team one point. The game is organized into turns. Each team gets two turns to defend and two turns to chase. Each turn lasts nine minutes. If the score is tied at the end, a "minimum chase" tiebreaker may occur. In this format, teams get one extra turn to score a single point. The fastest team to score wins the match.

Glimpse of India vs Nepal Match during 4th Asian Kho Kho Championship
Glimpse of India vs Nepal Match during 4th Asian Kho Kho Championship

Kho kho has a history spanning over two thousand years. It has been played since at least the fourth century BC. Some gameplay aspects may be linked to the Indian epic, the Mahabharata. In ancient times, a version called Rathera was played on chariots. The modern version was standardized in 1914 by the Deccan Gymkhana club in Pune. Bal Gangadhar Tilak wrote the first official rule book for the sport. Kho kho was even demonstrated at the 1936 Berlin Olympics. Recently, the sport has moved from muddy surfaces to professional matted surfaces. This change requires more energy and has increased the rate of injuries.

Glimpse of India vs Nepal Match during 4th Asian Kho Kho Championship
Glimpse of India vs Nepal Match during 4th Asian Kho Kho Championship

The sport is seeing rapid professional growth in the 21st century. In August 2022, the Ultimate Kho Kho franchise league launched in India. This league features six professional teams. The International Kho Kho Federation (IKKF) now manages the sport globally. They oversee different formats, including the standard test format and the seven-a-side fast format. The inaugural World Cup was held in 2025, with India serving as the host and winner. There are even innovative courts, such as one in Australia, that use removable poles to allow other sports to use the field.

Glimpse of India vs Nepal Match during 4th Asian Kho Kho Championship
Glimpse of India vs Nepal Match during 4th Asian Kho Kho Championship

Kho kho connects to many different levels of competition and culture. It is a medal sport in the South Asian Games, which began in 2016. It is also included in major Indian events like the National Games and Khelo India. The IKKF aims to expand the sport to over 90 countries. This expansion is a step toward reaching the requirements for the Olympic Games. Indian officials are currently targeting the 2036 Olympics for inclusion. On a cultural level, fans celebrate International Kho Kho Day every year on June 30.

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File:Glimpse of India vs Nepal Match during 4th Asian Kho Kho Championship.jpg
Glimpse of India vs Nepal Match during...
File:Kho Kho field 1.jpg
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