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Jerry L. Ross

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Jerry Lynn Ross is a distinguished American engineer and retired United States Air Force officer. He is most widely recognized for his extensive career as a NASA astronaut. Ross holds a significant place in space history as a joint record holder for the most spaceflights. He shares this distinction with Franklin Chang-Díaz. He was also the first person to launch into space seven different times. His work helped advance our ability to build structures in orbit and conduct complex science in microgravity.

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Ross's technical expertise began with a deep focus on mechanical engineering. He attended Purdue University, where he earned a Bachelor of Science in 1970. He followed this with a Master of Science degree in 1972. After his studies, he entered active duty with the Air Force. He worked in the Ramjet Engine Division at the Air Force Aero-Propulsion Laboratory. There, he performed computer-aided design studies on ramjet propulsion systems. He also managed projects involving supersonic ramjet missiles and strategic air-launched missiles.

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His military career provided the foundation for his success in spaceflight. Ross graduated from the USAF Test Pilot School’s Flight Test Engineer Course in 1976. He was later assigned to Edwards Air Force Base in California. As a flight test engineer, he worked on the stability and control of the B-1 aircraft. He was responsible for supervising crew members and planning missions for test aircraft. Throughout his military service, Ross flew 21 different types of aircraft. He logged over 3,900 flying hours, mostly in military planes, before retiring in 2000.

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In 1980, NASA selected Ross as an astronaut. He held many technical roles, including serving as a spacecraft communicator, known as CAPCOM. He also worked as the Chief of the Mission Support Branch. His spaceflight experience included seven missions between 1985 and 2002. During these missions, he served as a mission specialist and a Payload Commander. He was particularly skilled at performing Extravehicular Activities, or EVAs. These are commonly known as spacewalks, where astronauts exit the spacecraft to work in the vacuum of space.

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Ross's spacewalking achievements are among the most notable in NASA history. He completed nine EVAs, totaling 57 hours and 55 minutes of work outside his spacecraft. For a long time, he held the United States record for the most spacewalks. He currently ranks third in the world for total EVAs, behind Anatoly Solovyev and Michael Lopez-Alegria. His spacewalks were vital for the assembly of the International Space Station. For example, during the STS-88 mission, he performed three EVAs totaling over 21 hours. He used these walks to connect hardware and attach essential tools.

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His seven missions involved a wide variety of complex tasks and spacecraft. On STS-61-B, he conducted spacewalks to demonstrate construction techniques for a future space station. During STS-37, he helped manually deploy the antenna for the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory. On STS-74, the shuttle Atlantis traveled 3.4 million miles to dock with the Russian station, Mir. He also flew on the STS-110 mission, which was part of the final assembly phase of the International Space Station. On this mission, he used the station's Quest Airlock as a base for his EVAs.

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Ross's contributions have been recognized with numerous prestigious honors. He has received 15 NASA medals and several high-level military decorations. These include the Defense Superior Service Medal and the Legion of Merit. In May 2014, he was inducted into the Astronaut Hall of Fame. His autobiography, Spacewalker, details his journey through space and his personal faith. His legacy continues through the Jerry Ross Elementary School in his hometown of Crown Point, Indiana.

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613 words

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