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Japan

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Japan is a beautiful island country in East Asia.

Japan topo en
Japan topo en

It sits in the Pacific Ocean near the northeast coast of the Asian mainland. The country is an archipelago, which means it is a group of islands. It is made of four major islands and 14,121 smaller ones.

Regions and Prefectures of Japan 2
Regions and Prefectures of Japan 2

Most of the land is very mountainous and covered in thick forests. Because of these mountains, about 75% of the terrain is not flat. Most people live on the coastal plains in the east.

Tokyo from the top of the SkyTree
Tokyo from the top of the SkyTree

Tokyo is the capital city and the largest place in the country.

Nature and geography shape how people live in Japan. Since much of the land is steep and forested, farming happens mostly on the plains.

Rice Paddies In Aizu, Japan
Rice Paddies In Aizu, Japan

The country is divided into 47 prefectures and eight traditional regions. These regions help organize the many different parts of the islands. The weather and landscape change from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea in the south. Even with all these mountains, Japan is a very crowded place. As of 2026, nearly 123 million people live there. This makes it the 11th most populous country in the world.

Japan has a history that goes back a very long time.

Emperor Jimmu
Emperor Jimmu

The first people lived there during the Upper Paleolithic period. Long ago, powerful military leaders called shoguns held the real power. They were supported by a warrior class known as samurai.

Mokoshuraiekotoba
Mokoshuraiekotoba

For a long time, the Tokugawa shogunate kept Japan isolated from the rest of the world. This changed in 1853 when an American fleet arrived. This event led to the Meiji period, when Japan began to modernize very quickly. The country changed from a land of warriors to a modern industrial power.

In the 20th century, Japan went through many big changes. It was involved in World War II as an Axis power. The country suffered greatly during the Pacific War and the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

Mamoru Shigemitsu signs the Instrument of Surrender, officially ending the Second World War
Mamoru Shigemitsu signs the Instrument of Surrender, officially ending the Second World War

After the war, Japan came under Allied occupation. This was followed by a time of very fast economic growth. However, in the early 1990s, the economy slowed down for a long time. This period of slow growth is often called the Lost Decades. Today, Japan is a major global power and a member of the G7.

Today, Japan is famous for many things around the world. It is a leader in making cars, electronics, and robots.

2018 Nissan GT-R Premium in Super Silver, Front Right, 10-11-2022
2018 Nissan GT-R Premium in Super Silver, Front Right, 10-11-2022

You can see its influence in movies, music, and video games.

Pokemon Center Tohoku
Pokemon Center Tohoku

People also love Japanese food, like sushi.

East West sushi 01
East West sushi 01

The country has a very high life expectancy for its people. Even though the population is now shrinking, the culture remains very strong. It is a place where high-tech cities meet ancient traditions.

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🖼️ Images & Media (29)
Kimi ga Yo instrumental.ogg
File:Emperor Jimmu.jpg
Emperor Jimmu.jpg
File:Mokoshuraiekotoba.jpg
Mokoshuraiekotoba.jpg
File:The Three Unifiers of Japan.jpg
The Three Unifiers of Japan.jpg
File:Mamoru Shigemitsu signs the Instrument of Surrender, officially ending the Second World War.jpg
Mamoru Shigemitsu signs the Instrument of...
File:Japan topo en.jpg
Japan topo en.jpg
File:Series-N700a-Mt.Fuji.jpg
Series-N700a-Mt.Fuji.jpg
File:Kongobuji Koyasan07n3200.jpg
Kongobuji Koyasan07n3200.jpg
File:National Diet Building 02.jpg
National Diet Building 02.jpg
File:Regions and Prefectures of Japan 2.svg
Regions and Prefectures of Japan 2.svg
File:Participation of Ursula von der Leyen, President of the European Commission, to the G7 Summit.jpg
Participation of Ursula von der Leyen,...
File:US Navy 051115-N-8492C-125 The Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF) destroyer JDS Kongou (DDG 173) sails in formation with other JMSDF ships and ships assigned to the USS Kitty Hawk Carrier Strike Group.jpg
US Navy 051115-N-8492C-125 The Japan...

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