Nepedia
Back to Discover
Fluent Reader
🏛️

Iran hostage crisis

history Maturity 11-13 religion war conflict Next article →

This article covers sensitive topics: religion, war_conflict. Parents can manage visibility in Parental Controls.

The Iran hostage crisis was a long and difficult event between two countries.

Two American hostages in Iran hostage crisis
Two American hostages in Iran hostage crisis

It began on November 4, 1979, in the city of Tehran. A group called the Muslim Student Followers of the Imam's Line took over the United States Embassy. They took 66 Americans as hostages during this time.

Revolutionary occupation of U.S. embassy Title of Islamic Republican newspaper in November 5, 1979
Revolutionary occupation of U.S. embassy Title of Islamic Republican newspaper in November 5, 1979

Most of these people, about 52 of them, were held for 444 days. This event caused the relationship between Iran and the United States to drop very quickly. It stayed tense for many years after the crisis ended.

The crisis happened because of deep anger toward the United States. The students wanted the former king of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, to return home. The king had been granted asylum in the U.S. to receive treatment for cancer.

Shah Farah Leave
Shah Farah Leave

The students believed the U.S. was helping the king stay in power. They felt the U.S. had interfered in Iranian politics before. This was linked to a 1953 event called Operation Ajax. During that time, the CIA and MI6 helped remove a leader named Mohammad Mosaddegh. Because of this history, many in Iran did not trust the American government.

During the takeover, the embassy staff tried to protect their secrets. They wanted to destroy classified documents before the students arrived.

Shredded 1979-09-01 1305Z CIA cable from American Embassy Tehran
Shredded 1979-09-01 1305Z CIA cable from American Embassy Tehran

They tried to use a furnace, but it did not work. Instead, they had to use small paper shredders to destroy the papers. Later, skilled carpet weavers were even used to help piece some documents back together. This shows how much the staff wanted to keep their information safe. The embassy was also damaged, and the windows had to be replaced with bulletproof glass.

President Jimmy Carter tried many ways to bring the hostages home. In April 1980, he approved a rescue mission called Operation Eagle Claw.

This mission did not succeed. It resulted in the death of eight American soldiers and one Iranian civilian. This failure led the Secretary of State, Cyrus Vance, to resign from his job. Later, in September 1980, Iran began negotiating with the U.S. through Algeria. This happened because Iran was also facing an invasion from Iraq.

The crisis finally ended in early 1981. The two governments signed a deal called the Algiers Accords.

Iran hostages return
Iran hostages return

The hostages were released just minutes after Ronald Reagan became the new U.S. president. This event changed politics in both nations. In Iran, it made the leader Ruhollah Khomeini much more powerful. In the United States, the crisis was a major reason why President Carter lost his re-election. Even today, the two countries have very weak ties due to this history.

434 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (20)
File:Shah Farah Leave.jpg
Shah Farah Leave.jpg
File:Shredded 1979-09-01 1305Z CIA cable from American Embassy Tehran.jpg
Shredded 1979-09-01 1305Z CIA cable from...
File:Two American hostages in Iran hostage crisis.jpg
Two American hostages in Iran hostage crisis.jpg
Iran Hostage Crisis Newsreel.ogg
File:Iran-hostages-b.jpg
Iran-hostages-b.jpg
File:Man holding sign during Iranian hostage crisis protest, 1979.jpg
Man holding sign during Iranian hostage...
File:Iran hostage diary.jpg
Iran hostage diary.jpg
File:Revolutionary occupation of U.S. embassy Title of Islamic Republican newspaper in November 5, 1979.jpg
Revolutionary occupation of U.S. embassy...
File:DF-SN-82-06759.jpg
DF-SN-82-06759.jpg
File:Heckler2.jpg
Heckler2.jpg
File:ThanksCanada.JPG
ThanksCanada.JPG
File:DF-SC-82-06566 Bush hostages Iran.JPEG
DF-SC-82-06566 Bush hostages Iran.JPEG

+ 8 more

More to explore

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.