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Intercity bus service

technology Maturity 11-13 Next article →

An intercity bus service provides public transportation over long distances.

Greyhound Bus 6080
Greyhound Bus 6080

These services are also known as coach services or long-haul services. They move passengers between different cities, towns, or populated areas. This is different from a local transit bus. A transit bus makes frequent stops throughout a city. An intercity coach usually has only one stop in or near a city. This stop is often at a transit interchange. After this initial stop, the coach travels long distances without stopping. These services can be run by private companies or government agencies. They may operate for profit or as non-profit organizations.

Intercity coaches are designed specifically for passenger comfort during long trips.

Kumgang Express 1080
Kumgang Express 1080

Most are high-floor buses. This design allows for separate luggage holds mounted below the passenger compartment. Inside, the seating is almost always forward-facing. Unlike city transit buses, there is usually no provision for standing passengers. Many coaches include amenities like onboard restrooms, televisions, and overhead luggage space. For the longest travel times, specialized sleeper buses are used. These vehicles are specially adapted so that passengers can sleep during the journey.

Long-distance road travel began with the stagecoach in the 17th century.

Anoniem 002
Anoniem 002

Early coaches were very crude. They lacked suspension systems, which made them very slow on rutted roads. The first scheduled route began in 1610 between Edinburgh and Leith. By the mid-17th century, a network of coaching inns served as stopping points. For example, a coach traveling from London to Liverpool took roughly ten days in the summer. Travel speeds remained low until the mid-18th century. However, new road-building methods and better coach construction eventually increased travel speeds and comfort.

Technological improvements in the 1700s changed everything for travelers.

mailcoach
mailcoach

Robert Hooke helped build some of the first spring-suspended coaches in the 1660s. In 1754, a Manchester company launched the "Flying Coach." This service promised to reach London from Manchester in four and a half days. Later, in 1787, a service from Liverpool reached London in just three days. John Palmer made even more dramatic improvements at the British Post Office. In 1784, his experimental mail coach traveled from Bristol to London in only 16 hours. The "golden age" of stagecoaches occurred between 1800 and 1830.

During this golden age, inventors like John Besant improved coach design.

View of Hyde Park Turnpike, Westminster, London, 1792
View of Hyde Park Turnpike, Westminster, London, 1792

Besant created a coach in 1792 with better turning and braking. He also added a feature to prevent wheels from falling off. Obadiah Elliott patented the first spring-suspension vehicle. This system used two steel leaf springs on each side of every wheel. The carriage body was fixed directly to these springs. Additionally, the widespread use of Macadam roads improved travel across the country. At this time, most routes had about four coaches operating at once.

Modern motor coaches emerged as railways began to dominate in the 1830s.

GreyhoundBus1939ToCincinnati
GreyhoundBus1939ToCincinnati

The first motor charabancs were acquired by former horse-drawn vehicle operators. In 1911, W. C. Standerwick acquired a motor charabanc in Blackpool, England. In America, Carl Eric Wickman started a service in 1913. He used a seven-passenger automobile to transport miners in Minnesota. This service eventually grew into the Greyhound company. In the United Kingdom, the Road Traffic Act 1930 introduced national regulations. This act imposed a speed limit of 30 miles per hour for coaches.

Intercity bus popularity has changed over time due to the rise of cars.

20160930 22 GO Transit, Niagara Falls, Ontario (27453343069)
20160930 22 GO Transit, Niagara Falls, Ontario (27453343069)

In Canada, 120 million passengers used intercity buses annually in the 1950s. By the 1960s, this dropped to 50 million. By the 1990s, it had fallen to 10 million. To improve efficiency, some places use dedicated bus lanes. In Israel, converting car lanes into public transit-only lanes has boosted the economy. These lanes help buses avoid traffic jams and improve travel times. Today, buses remain one of four main ways to travel between cities, alongside planes, trains, and private cars.

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🖼️ Images & Media (13)
File:Kumgang_Express_1080.jpg
Kumgang_Express_1080.jpg
File:Greyhound Bus 6080.jpg
Greyhound Bus 6080.jpg
File:Stagecoach Neoplans on Oxford Tube.JPG
Stagecoach Neoplans on Oxford Tube.JPG
File:Anoniem 002.JPG
Anoniem 002.JPG
File:View of Hyde Park Turnpike, Westminster, London, 1792.jpg
View of Hyde Park Turnpike, Westminster,...
File:mailcoach.jpg
mailcoach.jpg
File:GreyhoundBus1939ToCincinnati.jpg
GreyhoundBus1939ToCincinnati.jpg
File:Chevrolet bus of Nepal Transport Service.jpg
Chevrolet bus of Nepal Transport Service.jpg
File:20160930 22 GO Transit, Niagara Falls, Ontario (27453343069).jpg
20160930 22 GO Transit, Niagara Falls,...
File:Jin F73993 at Liuliqiaonan (20200902142404).jpg
Jin F73993 at Liuliqiaonan (20200902142404).jpg
File:Sinar Jaya AKAP Surabaya–Jakarta (2022).jpg
Sinar Jaya AKAP Surabaya–Jakarta (2022).jpg
File:BEX coach.JPG
BEX coach.JPG

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