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Grace Alele-Williams

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Grace Awani Alele-Williams was a pioneering Nigerian mathematician and educator. She focused her career on mathematics education, which is the study of how people learn mathematical concepts. Her work aimed to improve how math was taught across Africa. She was a trailblazer for women in science and leadership. Alele-Williams achieved several historic milestones in Nigeria. She was the first Nigerian woman to earn a doctorate degree. She also became the first female vice-chancellor at any Nigerian university.

Her academic journey began in Nigeria, where she was born in Warri in 1932. She attended several schools, including Queen's College in Lagos and the University College of Ibadan. In 1957, she earned a master's degree in mathematics while teaching at Queen's School in Ede. To pursue higher studies, she traveled to the United States. She studied at the University of Vermont as a graduate assistant and assistant professor. Eventually, she attended the University of Chicago. In 1963, she completed her PhD in mathematics education. This achievement made her the first Nigerian woman to receive a doctorate.

Alele-Williams spent much of her career improving math instruction through workshops and texts. Her interest in math education grew during her time in the United States. This period coincided with the Sputnik phenomenon. She worked with the African Mathematics Program in Newton, Massachusetts, for ten years. Under the leadership of MIT professor Ted Martins, she participated in workshops in various African cities from 1963 to 1975. She collaborated with leading educators to write important materials. One notable example is the Modern Mathematics Handbook for Teachers, published in 1974. These efforts helped spread modern mathematical concepts across the continent.

As a professor, she focused heavily on expanding access to education for women. In 1976, she was appointed a professor of mathematics at the University of Lagos. During her decade as director of the institute of education, she created innovative non-degree programs. These programs allowed older women working as elementary school teachers to earn certificates. She was deeply concerned with helping female African students enter scientific and technological fields. Her work ensured that professional development was available to those already working in the classroom. This helped strengthen the foundation of education in Nigeria.

Alele-Williams also served in many high-level administrative and advisory roles. From 1979 to 1985, she chaired the Lagos State curriculum review committee and examinations boards. She also chaired the Bendel State curriculum review committee from 1973 to 1979. In 1985, she was appointed vice-chancellor of the University of Benin. She held this position until 1992. She viewed this role as a test case for women's executive capability. During the 1980s, she worked to reform higher education during a period known as a "Dark Age" for Nigerian universities. This was a time when secret cults and societies had spread through campuses.

Her influence extended far beyond the borders of Nigeria through international service. She was a member of the governing council for the UNESCO Institute of Education. She also served as a consultant to UNESCO and the Institute of International Education Planning. Her leadership roles included serving as vice-president of the World Organisation for Early Childhood Education. She was also the first president of the African Mathematical Union Commission on Women in Mathematics. For ten years, from 1993 to 2004, she served as the regional vice-president for Africa of the Third World Organization for Women in Science. These roles allowed her to advocate for women in science on a global scale.

In her later years, Alele-Williams contributed to the business and academic sectors. She joined the board of directors for Chevron-Texaco Nigeria. She also served on the board of HIP asset management company limited in Lagos. Her many contributions earned her significant honors. In 1987, she received the Order of the Niger. In 2014, she was one of 100 people to receive the Centenary Award. This award recognized unique contributions to Nigeria's development over the last 100 years. She is even featured on a special deck of playing cards for notable women mathematicians. She died on 25 March 2022 at the age of 89.

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