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General Electric

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General Electric, commonly known as GE, was a massive American multinational conglomerate.

GeneralElectricSign
GeneralElectricSign

A conglomerate is a large company that owns many different, unrelated businesses. For over a century, GE operated in many diverse fields. These included aerospace, transportation, energy, healthcare, lighting, appliances, and finance. In 2020, GE was a massive economic force. It ranked as the 33rd largest firm in the United States by gross revenue. It was also recognized globally, ranking 64th in the Forbes Global 2000 in 2023.

570 Lexington Avenue (General Electric Building) 001
570 Lexington Avenue (General Electric Building) 001

The company grew through complex mergers and the consolidation of various electrical businesses. In 1889, Thomas Edison owned several different companies. These included the Edison Lamp Company and the Edison Machine Works.

General Electric Shops, Schenectady, NY, 1896
General Electric Shops, Schenectady, NY, 1896

An investor named Henry Villard proposed joining these separate interests together. With financial support from Drexel, Morgan & Co., Edison's companies merged into the Edison General Electric Company in 1889. Later, in 1892, the Edison General Electric Company merged with the Thomson-Houston Electric Company. This 1892 merger officially formed General Electric. The company was incorporated in New York, using Schenectady as a major headquarters for many years.

GE Schenectady
GE Schenectady

GE’s history is defined by scientific breakthroughs and technical expertise. In 1893, the company acquired a smaller New York firm to bring on Charles Steinmetz. Steinmetz was a genius in mathematics and electronics. He earned more than 200 patents and significantly advanced the company's technology. His work is still recognized today through various mathematical equations and awards. The company also fostered world-class scientific talent. Two GE employees were awarded the Nobel Prize for their research. Irving Langmuir received the prize in 1932, and Ivar Giaever received it in 1973.

General Electric Shops, Schenectady, NY, 1896
General Electric Shops, Schenectady, NY, 1896

Innovation at GE often led to entirely new industries. In 1919, Owen D. Young founded the Radio Corporation of America, or RCA, through GE.

Carmen Miranda by General Electric (1945)
Carmen Miranda by General Electric (1945)

RCA later co-founded the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) in 1926. GE also played a massive role in the birth of television. In 1927, Ernst Alexanderson demonstrated the first television broadcast reception. By 1928, GE's W2XAD station made the first public television broadcast in the United States. These early broadcasts used very small screens, only 1.5 square inches in size.

Carmen Miranda by General Electric (1945)
Carmen Miranda by General Electric (1945)

GE was also a major player in aviation and power technology. During World War I, the company produced submarine motors and airplane compasses.

LocomotiveGaugesSRM
LocomotiveGaugesSRM

This work led to the development of aircraft turbosuperchargers. GE supplied 300,000 of these devices for fighter and bomber engines. This experience helped GE develop the nation's first jet engine. The company eventually became one of the largest engine manufacturers in the world through GE Aviation. GE also moved into the wind power industry in 2002 by acquiring Enron's wind assets. This helped the company grow its annual sales to $1.2 billion by 2003.

EVChargingMarkham
EVChargingMarkham

In recent decades, the company underwent massive structural changes. Following the Great Recession, GE began selling off many of its divisions. Under CEO Jeff Immelt, the company sold its appliances and financial capital divisions. His successor, John Flannery, sold the locomotive and lighting businesses to focus on aviation. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic caused GE's revenue to fall significantly due to travel restrictions. Eventually, the final CEO, Larry Culp, announced a plan to break the conglomerate apart. In November 2021, he announced that GE would split into three separate, public companies by 2024.

The original General Electric conglomerate has now ceased to exist. It has been replaced by three specialized entities. GE Aerospace is the legal successor and kept the original General Electric name and ticker symbols. GE HealthCare was spun off as a health technology company in 2023. The third company, GE Vernova, was founded to focus on the energy sector. While the single giant company is gone, its various branches continue to operate independently in their own fields.

GE, Global Operations Center - Cincinnati
GE, Global Operations Center - Cincinnati
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🖼️ Images & Media (9)
File:General Electric Shops, Schenectady, NY, aerial view, 1896.jpg
General Electric Shops, Schenectady, NY,...
File:General Electric Shops, Schenectady, NY, 1896.jpg
General Electric Shops, Schenectady, NY, 1896.jpg
File:570 Lexington Avenue (General Electric Building) 001.jpg
570 Lexington Avenue (General Electric...
File:Carmen Miranda by General Electric (1945).jpg
Carmen Miranda by General Electric (1945).jpg
File:GE, Global Operations Center - Cincinnati.jpg
GE, Global Operations Center - Cincinnati.jpg
File:GeneralElectricSign.jpg
GeneralElectricSign.jpg
File:LocomotiveGaugesSRM.jpg
LocomotiveGaugesSRM.jpg
File:GE Schenectady.JPG
GE Schenectady.JPG
File:EVChargingMarkham.jpg
EVChargingMarkham.jpg
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