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Frances Sargent Osgood

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Frances Sargent Osgood was a prominent American poet during the mid-19th century.

Frances Osgood engraving
Frances Osgood engraving

She was celebrated as one of the most popular women writers of her era. Her work was noted for its personal and sincere tone. Many readers felt her poetry possessed a conversational fluency. She wrote about a wide range of subjects. These included love, her family, and her children. Some historians note that her poems for her daughters expressed emotions rarely seen in women's poetry of that time.

Osgood's literary career began at a very young age. She published her first poem at fourteen in a children's periodical called Juvenile Miscellany. This magazine was edited by Lydia Maria Child. As she grew, she published several significant collections. In 1838, while living in England, she released A Wreath of Flowers from New England. This volume contained a five-act dramatic poem titled Elfrida. She also published The Casket of Fate in 1839. After moving to New York City, she became a prolific contributor to many popular literary magazines. She occasionally used pseudonyms, or pen names, such as Kate Carol and Violet Vane.

Her professional success was accompanied by a complex personal life. In 1834, she met Samuel Stillman Osgood, a portrait artist at the Boston Athenaeum. They married on October 7, 1835. The couple had three daughters: Ellen Frances, May Vincent, and Fanny Fay.

OsgoodChildren
OsgoodChildren

Their lives involved several moves, including a period in England and a move to New York. By 1843, it is believed the Osgoods had separated, though they were not legally divorced. In 1846, the couple briefly reconciled and moved to Philadelphia to escape public scandal. However, Samuel later left her again in 1849 to join the California Gold Rush.

One of the most famous aspects of Osgood's life was her relationship with Edgar Allan Poe. In February 1845, Poe gave a lecture in New York where he praised her literary future. They met in person in March 1845 through Nathaniel Parker Willis.

During 1845, Poe used his position at the Broadway Journal to print many of her poems. These included titles like "The Rivulet's Dream" and "Love's Reply." Poe also responded with his own poetry, sometimes using the pseudonym Edgar T. S. Grey. His poem "A Valentine" was a famous riddle. It hid Osgood's name by using specific letters from each line.

Despite the intensity of their poetic exchanges, many consider their relationship to be purely platonic. Poe's wife, Virginia, appeared to approve of the friendship. She often invited Osgood to their home. Some believe Virginia felt Osgood had a positive influence on Poe's behavior. For instance, Poe reportedly gave up alcohol to impress her. However, the friendship caused social tension. A writer named Elizabeth F. Ellet spread rumors regarding the nature of their connection. Ellet even suggested that Osgood's third daughter, Fanny Fay, was not Samuel's child.

OsgoodChildren
OsgoodChildren

These rumors caused a significant scandal in the literary community.

Osgood took steps to protect her public reputation during these difficult times. She sent representatives to ask Poe to return and destroy her personal letters. This was a way to ensure her private life did not damage her professional standing. The social pressure and her declining health eventually limited her activities. By 1847, she was largely confined to her room due to illness. During this period, her writing focused heavily on her concerns for her daughters. She continued to write even as her physical strength faded.

Osgood died of tuberculosis in New York in 1850. Toward the end, she lost her ability to speak. Her final word, "angel," was written on a slate for her husband.

FrancesOsgoodGrave
FrancesOsgoodGrave

She was buried in the Locke family plot at Mount Auburn Cemetery in Cambridge, Massachusetts. In 1851, her friends published a collection called The Memorial to honor her. This volume was later reissued as Laurel Leaves in 1854. While some critics, like Fanny Fern, questioned how her estate was handled, Samuel Osgood eventually installed a monument. This monument was inspired by one of her own poems, "The Hand That Swept the Sounding Lyre."

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🖼️ Images & Media (4)
File:OsgoodChildren.png
OsgoodChildren.png
File:Edgar Allan Poe by Samuel S Osgood, 1845.png
Edgar Allan Poe by Samuel S Osgood, 1845.png
File:FrancesOsgoodGrave.jpg
FrancesOsgoodGrave.jpg
File:Frances Osgood engraving.jpg
Frances Osgood engraving.jpg
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