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East Thrace

geography Maturity 7-9 Next article →

East Thrace is a unique geographical region located in Southeast Europe.

EstThraceWithinThrace
EstThraceWithinThrace

It represents the portion of Turkey that sits on the European continent. This area is often called Turkish Thrace or European Turkey. It accounts for 3.03% of Turkey's total land area. Despite its small size, it holds 15% of the country's population. The region is a remnant of a much larger historical territory known as Rumelia.

Източна Тракия на картата на Мармара, Турция
Източна Тракия на картата на Мармара, Турция

Historically, Rumelia stretched across much of the Balkans toward Hungary and Bosnia.

The geography of East Thrace is defined by its relationship with water. The region is bordered by the Black Sea to the northeast. To the southwest, the Aegean Sea meets the coastline. The land borders include Greece to the west and Bulgaria to the north. A major natural boundary is the Maritsa River.

Meriç Köprüsü ve Meriç Nehri
Meriç Köprüsü ve Meriç Nehri

The area is split by the Turkish straits, which include the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles. These waterways connect the Black Sea to the Sea of Marmara. The Gallipoli peninsula forms the southernmost part of this region.

EastTrace Landscape
EastTrace Landscape

This maritime corridor has immense geostrategic importance. The narrow straits provide a vital sea route between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. This passage is essential for the navies of five different nations. These countries are Russia, Ukraine, Romania, Bulgaria, and Georgia. Because of these straits, the region acts as a critical global choke point. Looking toward the future, the area will serve as a transit hub. It is set to connect the high-speed rail networks of Turkey, Bulgaria, and Greece.

The region is organized into several administrative provinces. These include Edirne, Tekirdağ, and Kırklareli. Some territories of the Çanakkale and Istanbul provinces are also part of East Thrace. Istanbul is the largest city and is famous for straddling the Bosphorus.

EastTrace Landscape
EastTrace Landscape

The population density in East Thrace is approximately 515 people per square kilometer. This is much higher than the 98 people per square kilometer found in Asiatic Turkey. The province of Istanbul is particularly crowded, with 2,874 people per square kilometer. In contrast, Çanakkale has a density of only 41 people per square kilometer.

History has shaped the culture and borders of East Thrace through many eras. The current land borders were established by the Treaty of Constantinople in 1913. The Bulgarian-Ottoman convention of 1915 also helped define the area. The Treaty of Lausanne later reaffirmed these boundaries. The region has seen many shifts in population over time. During the Russo-Turkish War and the Balkan Wars, many people were forced to move. This included Muslim Muhacir groups from various Balkan territories. Later, a population exchange between Greece and Turkey occurred in 1923 and 1924.

Ancient history and legends are deeply rooted in this landscape. The Greek myth of Hero and Leander is set in the ancient city of Sestus. The mythological figure Aeneas is said to have founded the city of Aenus. During the period of the Diadochi, Lysimachus became the king of Thrace. He established his capital at Lysimachia. The Battle of Adrianople in 378 AD was a major event in the decline of the Roman Empire. Later, the Ottoman Empire used the region extensively. Edirne served as the second capital of the Ottoman Empire. Çimpe Castle was the first European territory held by the Ottomans in 1352.

Today, East Thrace is a place of diverse traditions and natural beauty. Visitors can explore the Selimiye Mosque or the Grand Synagogue of Edirne. Natural sites include the İğneada Floodplain Forests and the Dupnisa Cave. Cultural life is vibrant with annual events. The Kırkpınar oil wrestling tournament has been held near Edirne since 1360. The Kakava festival is also celebrated in Edirne and Kırklareli. These traditions reflect the complex history of the many groups living in the region today.

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🖼️ Images & Media (4)
File:EstThraceWithinThrace.png
EstThraceWithinThrace.png
File:Източна Тракия на картата на Мармара, Турция.png
Източна Тракия на картата на Мармара, Турция.png
File:EastTrace Landscape.jpg
EastTrace Landscape.jpg
File:Meriç Köprüsü ve Meriç Nehri.jpg
Meriç Köprüsü ve Meriç Nehri.jpg
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