Nepedia
Back to Discover
Advanced Reader
🧬

Crowned pigeon

life science Maturity 5-7 Next article →

The crowned pigeons belong to the genus Goura.

Victoria Crowned Pigeon RWD2
Victoria Crowned Pigeon RWD2

They are a group of very large birds. These birds belong to the family Columbidae. This is the same family as many common pigeons. The genus is important because these birds are endemic to New Guinea. This means they live only on that island and a few nearby islands. They are unique to this specific part of the world.

These birds spend much of their time on the forest floor.

Western Crowned-Pigeon RWD
Western Crowned-Pigeon RWD

They forage there to find their food. Their diet includes fallen fruit and various seeds. They also eat snails found on the ground. The males and females look almost identical in their appearance. However, they behave differently during courtship. A male will coo and bow to a female to show interest.

Life cycles for these birds follow a specific pattern. Both the mother and the father help raise the young. They both participate in incubation. This is the process of sitting on an egg to keep it warm. They incubate a single egg for 28 to 30 days. Once the egg hatches, the chick must grow. It takes about 30 days for a chick to fledge. Fledging is the stage when a young bird is ready to fly. These birds are long-lived animals. They can live for over 20 years.

There are four distinct species within the genus Goura.

GouraScheepmakeriFinsch
GouraScheepmakeriFinsch

The first is the western crowned pigeon, or Goura cristata. This species lives in northwestern New Guinea. The second is Scheepmaker's crowned pigeon, known as Goura scheepmakeri. It is found in southeastern New Guinea. The third species is Sclater's crowned pigeon, or Goura sclaterii. This bird lives in southern New Guinea. The fourth is the Victoria crowned pigeon, known as Goura victoria. It lives in northern New Guinea.

History tells us how these birds were first classified by scientists. An English naturalist named James Francis Stephens introduced the genus in 1819. The name Goura itself has a special origin. It comes from an aboriginal name used in New Guinea. The western crowned pigeon serves as the type species. This means it is the species used to define the genus. Understanding these names helps scientists organize the natural world.

Modern science has changed how we view these four species.

Sclater's Crowned Pigeon - Copenhagen Zoo
Sclater's Crowned Pigeon - Copenhagen Zoo

In the past, two species were grouped together. Scheepmaker's and Sclater's pigeons were both called the southern crowned-pigeon. However, a molecular phylogenetic study in 2018 changed this. This type of study looks at the genetic relationships between organisms. The study showed that they are actually separate species. This shows how much technology can improve our understanding of biology.

The 2018 genetic study also revealed how the species are related. The four species actually form two distinct pairs. The western crowned pigeon is the sister species to Sclater's crowned pigeon. In biology, a sister species is the closest relative in an evolutionary tree. The other pair consists of Scheepmaker's and the Victoria crowned pigeon. These two are also sister species to each other. This research helps us map the history of life on New Guinea.

517 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (4)
File:Western Crowned-Pigeon RWD.jpg
Western Crowned-Pigeon RWD.jpg
File:GouraScheepmakeriFinsch.jpg
GouraScheepmakeriFinsch.jpg
File:Sclater's Crowned Pigeon - Copenhagen Zoo.jpg
Sclater's Crowned Pigeon - Copenhagen Zoo.jpg
File:Victoria Crowned Pigeon RWD2.jpg
Victoria Crowned Pigeon RWD2.jpg
More to explore

🔬 Go deeper

More advanced topics to explore

🪜 Step back

Simpler topics to build understanding

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.