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Courser

life science Maturity 11-13 Next article →

Coursers are a unique subfamily of birds known as Cursoriinae. They belong to the larger Glareolidae family. This family also contains a group of birds called pratincoles. Coursers are specialized for life in very dry environments. They live in deserts and other arid regions. You can find them throughout the warmer parts of the Old World.

These birds have specific physical traits that help them survive. Compared to pratincoles, coursers possess longer legs. They also have shorter wings. Their bills are long and pointed. These bills feature a distinct downward curve at the tip. These physical features support their specific way of life in the sand and heat.

Survival in the desert requires clever behaviors and physical adaptations. Coursers hunt for their food by running after insects. They do not rely on flight to catch their prey. To stay safe, they use cryptic plumage. This means their feather patterns help them blend into their surroundings. When a predator approaches, they crouch down low. This action helps them avoid detection by staying still and hidden.

Reproduction for these birds happens directly on the desert floor. They lay a small number of eggs in nests on the ground. Typically, a courser will lay only 2 to 3 eggs at a time. This method of nesting is common for birds living in open, sandy areas.

Our understanding of how these birds are related to others has changed over time. Traditionally, scientists thought coursers were waders. They believed coursers were closely related to birds called plovers. However, modern genetic studies have provided new information. These studies show that coursers and pratincoles belong to the suborder Lari. This means they are actually more closely related to gulls and terns. Their closest relative is the crab-plover.

There are nine accepted species within the courser group. One species is the Double-banded courser, or Rhinoptilus africanus. Another is the Bronze-winged courser, which is also called the violet-tipped courser. The Three-banded courser is known as Rhinoptilus cinctus. We also find Jerdon's courser, or Rhinoptilus bitorquatus.

Other species include the Indian courser, known as Cursorius coromandelicus. There is also Temminck's courser, or Cursorius temminckii. You may also find the Burchell's courser, which is Cursorius rufus. The Cream-coloured courser is Cursorius cursor. Finally, there is the Somali courser, or Cursorius somalensis. Each of these nine species represents a different part of the Cursoriinae subfamily.

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