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Cindy Sherman

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Cindy Sherman is a highly influential American artist. She is best known for her series of photographic self-portraits. In these works, she does not actually portray herself. Instead, she uses her own body to inhabit many different imagined characters. Her art explores how media and society shape our ideas of identity. She is considered a key member of the Pictures Generation. This was a group of artists who examined how images function in culture.

Hallway in the Wexner Center for the Arts
Hallway in the Wexner Center for the Arts

Sherman's creative process is a solitary and intensive one. She works alone in her studio to maintain total control. In every shoot, she performs many different professional roles. She acts as the photographer and the director. She is also the model, the makeup artist, and the hairstylist. She serves as the wardrobe mistress and selects all the props. Sometimes she uses her own belongings for these roles. Other times, she borrows items like a friend's doggy pillow. She describes this process as intuitive and almost trance-like. She stares into a mirror next to the camera to become the character. She waits for a moment of magic where the character appears through the lens.

Her career began with a shift from painting to photography. Sherman enrolled at Buffalo State University in 1972 to study painting. However, she soon felt frustrated by the limitations of that medium. She felt she was merely copying other art through painting. She decided photography would allow her to focus more on big ideas. During her college years, she met artist Robert Longo. He encouraged her to document her process of dressing up for parties. This documentation eventually became the foundation for her famous work. In 1974, she helped create Hallwalls, an arts center for diverse artists.

Her most famous body of work is the Untitled Film Stills series. This collection was produced between 1977 and 1980. It consists of 69 black-and-white photographs. These images evoke characters from B-movies, film noir, and Italian neorealism. She portrays various roles, such as librarians, hillbillies, or seductresses. The settings vary from streets and yards to beaches and interiors. The photographs are small, measuring 8 1/2 by 11 inches. They are usually displayed in simple, identical black frames. This series brought her international fame and recognition. In 1995, the Museum of Modern Art purchased the series for an estimated $1 million.

Sherman's work often explores social stereotypes and the "male gaze." The male gaze refers to how women are viewed through a masculine lens. In the Untitled Film Stills, her characters often appear alone or expressionless. They frequently represent rebellious women who do not follow traditional social rules. In her 1981 Centerfolds series, she used larger 24 by 48-inch color photographs. These were inspired by the center spreads in fashion and adult magazines. She posed recumbent or supine on floors and in beds. These works were intended to make viewers feel uncomfortable about their expectations. She wanted to challenge the way magazines present women as victims or objects.

As her career progressed, Sherman experimented with new materials and formats. In 1980, she moved from black-and-white to color with Rear Screen Projections. During the mid-1980s, she created the Fairy Tales and Disasters sequences. In these series, she began using visible prostheses and mannequins. A prosthesis is an artificial body part used to change a person's appearance. In 1989, she produced the Sex series. This series was a response to various art controversies of the time. For this specific series, she actually removed herself from the photographs entirely. Instead, she used pieced-together medical items to create her images.

Today, Sherman's work remains a vital part of contemporary art history. Her ability to disappear into a character allows her to critique how we see others. She uses the camera to deconstruct the roles that society expects people to play. Her influence can be seen in how artists use photography to explore identity. By changing her appearance, she reveals the constructed nature of many social images. Her work continues to provoke thought about the relationship between the viewer and the subject.

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File:Hallway in the Wexner Center for the Arts.jpg
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