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Caraga

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Caraga is an administrative region located in the northeastern section of Mindanao in the Philippines.

Ph caraga
Ph caraga

It is officially designated as Region XIII. The region was established on February 23, 1995, through Republic Act No. 7901. This law created the region to accelerate economic development and improve public services. The modern Caraga region is actually a revival of a former Spanish province of the same name. Today, it serves as a vital administrative area within the Philippine archipelago.

The geography of Caraga is defined by its diverse coastal and inland features.

AGUSAN BRIDGE (AERIAL VIEW, NOVEMBER 27, 2024)
AGUSAN BRIDGE (AERIAL VIEW, NOVEMBER 27, 2024)

The region is bounded by the Bohol Sea to the north. To the east, it meets the Philippine Sea in the Pacific Ocean. The southern border touches the provinces of Davao del Norte, Davao de Oro, and Davao Oriental. To the west, it is bordered by Bukidnon and Misamis Oriental. The landscape features a mix of mountainous areas and flat, rolling lands. Mountain ranges divide the provinces of Agusan and Surigao.

Mt Mayapay
Mt Mayapay

Caraga's land use and water systems are essential to its environment. The region occupies 6.3% of the total land area of the Philippines. It represents 18.5% of the island of Mindanao. A large portion of the land is forestland, which accounts for 71.22% of the total area. The province of Agusan del Sur contains 47.6% of this total land area. The Agusan River Basin is the most productive area for agriculture.

AGUSAN RIVER REHABILITATION PROJECT
AGUSAN RIVER REHABILITATION PROJECT

Another important feature is the Agusan Marsh, located in the middle of Agusan del Sur. The region also contains Lake Mainit, which is the widest lake in the area.

The history of the region reaches back to pre-colonial times. The historical polity of Butuan once ruled much of Agusan del Norte.

Downtown Butuan City (Original Work)
Downtown Butuan City (Original Work)

Butuan was a powerful Hindu state famous for goldsmithing and boat-making. Its people built massive boats called balangay to transport many men. These people engaged in trade with the Kingdom of Champa in modern-day Vietnam. They even crossed the Sulu Sea and the South China Sea for commerce. Relics of these ancient gold crafts and boats are preserved in the National Museum of the Philippines.

European contact changed the course of the region's history significantly. In 1521, the Magellan expedition encountered local nobility on Limasawa island. These leaders, Rajah Siawi and Rajah Kulambo, were described by Antonio Pigafetta as being covered in gold.

Later, the Spanish arrived to subjugate the area. They established Spanish-modeled centers to maximize their control over the territory. The Spanish also attacked the Sultanate of Ternate to prevent future attacks on Caraga. This period saw the eradication of traditional boat-making and goldsmithing industries.

Demographically, Caraga is a diverse and growing region. According to the 2020 census, the total population was 2,804,788. Agusan del Sur is the most populous province with 739,657 residents. In contrast, the Dinagat Islands is the smallest with 128,117 people. The region is composed of five provinces: Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Dinagat Islands, Surigao del Norte, and Surigao del Sur.

Agusan del Sur seal
Agusan del Sur seal

There are 67 municipalities and 1,311 barangays. Butuan is a highly urbanized city and acts as the regional administrative center.

SM CITY BUTUAN (MAY 6, 2020)
SM CITY BUTUAN (MAY 6, 2020)

Cultural and linguistic diversity defines the daily life of the inhabitants. Many residents are of Visayan heritage, descending from settlers in Cebu and Bohol. The Manobo are the largest ethnic minority group, totaling 294,284 people.

Manobo Girl
Manobo Girl

Cebuano is the most common language, used by 33.79% of households as a lingua franca. Other significant languages include Surigaonon, Butuanon, and Kamayo. Religion also plays a major role, with 74% of the population identifying as Roman Catholic. This complex mix of history, geography, and culture makes Caraga a unique part of Mindanao.

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🖼️ Images & Media (17)
File:Ph caraga.png
Ph caraga.png
File:Gov Amante.png
Gov Amante.png
File:Agusan del Sur seal.svg
Agusan del Sur seal.svg
File:Gov Cane.png
Gov Cane.png
File:Gov Demerey.png
Gov Demerey.png
File:Official Seal of Surigao del Norte.svg
Official Seal of Surigao del Norte.svg
File:Gov Barbers.png
Gov Barbers.png
File:Rep. Johnny Pimentel (19th Congress).jpg
Rep. Johnny Pimentel (19th Congress).jpg
File:NUESTRA SENORA DEL ROSARIO PARISH (AERIAL, UPLOAD LOCALLY).png
NUESTRA SENORA DEL ROSARIO PARISH...
File:Downtown Butuan City (Original Work).jpg
Downtown Butuan City (Original Work).jpg
File:Robinsons Place Butuan Expansion (Original Work).jpg
Robinsons Place Butuan Expansion...
File:SM CITY BUTUAN (MAY 6, 2020).jpg
SM CITY BUTUAN (MAY 6, 2020).jpg

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