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Boulder

earth science Maturity 7-9 Next article →

A boulder is a very large piece of rock. In geology, scientists use this name for rock fragments with a large diameter.

Balanced Rock
Balanced Rock

Smaller pieces of rock have different names. A cobble is smaller than a boulder. A pebble is even smaller than a cobble. Some boulders are small enough to move by hand. Other boulders are extremely massive. Most people think of a boulder as too big to move.

Bolders on Mahendra Hills, India
Bolders on Mahendra Hills, India

Nature has many ways to move these huge rocks. During ice ages, giant ice sheets covered much of the Earth. These sheets moved across places like Scandinavia and Siberia. The ice also moved through northern North America.

Boulder along the chief hike in Stawamus Chief Provincial Park, BC (DSCF7553)
Boulder along the chief hike in Stawamus Chief Provincial Park, BC (DSCF7553)

As the ice sheets advanced, they picked up boulders. When the ice sheets began to melt, they deposited the rocks. These rocks are called glacial erratics. They are called erratics because they are often a different rock type than the ground beneath them.

Kämmenkivi stone in Pisa, Kuopio, Finland
Kämmenkivi stone in Pisa, Kuopio, Finland

People have used these rocks for a long time. The word boulder comes from the term boulder stone. This comes from the Middle English word bulderston. It also comes from the Swedish word bullersten.

Balanced Rock
Balanced Rock

In the past, people sometimes spelled the word as bowlder. This is a less common way to spell it today. We can see how people value these rocks in different places. One famous boulder serves as a pedestal. It holds up the Bronze Horseman in Saint Petersburg, Russia.

There are many famous places where you can see boulders. Erosion can expose giant boulders in the wild. You can find the Devil's Marbles in Australia's Northern Territory. In New Zealand, the Horeke basalts are a notable formation. One entire valley in New Zealand contains only boulders.

Bolders on Mahendra Hills, India
Bolders on Mahendra Hills, India

You can also find them in the British Virgin Islands. The Baths is a famous spot on Virgin Gorda. Some boulders are even shaped like perfect spheres. These are called the Moeraki Boulders in New Zealand.

Boulders are part of many different landscapes. You can find boulder-sized clasts in sedimentary rocks. These are found in coarse conglomerate. They are also found in boulder clay.

Boulder along the chief hike in Stawamus Chief Provincial Park, BC (DSCF7553)
Boulder along the chief hike in Stawamus Chief Provincial Park, BC (DSCF7553)

Some people even use these rocks for a sport. This sport is called bouldering. It is a type of free climbing. Climbers use small rock formations or artificial walls. This shows how much we interact with these stone giants.

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🖼️ Images & Media (4)
File:Balanced Rock.jpg
Balanced Rock.jpg
File:Boulder along the chief hike in Stawamus Chief Provincial Park, BC (DSCF7553).jpg
Boulder along the chief hike in Stawamus...
File:Kämmenkivi stone in Pisa, Kuopio, Finland.jpg
Kämmenkivi stone in Pisa, Kuopio, Finland.jpg
File:Bolders on Mahendra Hills, India.jpg
Bolders on Mahendra Hills, India.jpg
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