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Blood transfusion

life science Maturity 11-13 Next article →

A blood transfusion is a medical way to move blood into a person's circulation. This happens through a tube in a vein, which is called an intravenous transfusion.

Blausen 0087 Blood Transfusion
Blausen 0087 Blood Transfusion

Doctors use this to replace parts of the blood that a person has lost. Instead of just using whole blood, modern doctors often use only specific parts. These parts include red blood cells, plasma, and platelets.

Blood bag 2020
Blood bag 2020

Using only the parts a patient needs helps them get the right treatment.

Blood is made of several important components that do different jobs. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which helps supply oxygen to the body's cells.

Blood drop plain
Blood drop plain

Plasma is the yellowish liquid part of the blood. It acts as a buffer and holds proteins needed for health. Platelets are small parts that help with blood clotting to stop bleeding.

FreshFrozenPlasma
FreshFrozenPlasma

White blood cells are part of the immune system and fight infections, but they are rarely used in transfusions. Each part is stored in a special way to keep it fresh.

Before a person receives blood, doctors must follow many careful steps. They must ensure the blood is safe and a good match for the patient. This is called compatibility testing.

Blausen 0086 Blood Bag
Blausen 0086 Blood Bag

First, scientists type the patient's blood to find their ABO and Rh status. They also screen for antibodies that might react badly to the donor blood. If the blood types do not match, it can cause the cells to clump together.

This testing process can take about 45 minutes to complete.

Most blood comes from people called donors. Some people give their own blood to be used later, which is called an autologous transfusion. Most people give blood to help others, which is called an allogeneic transfusion.

Blood transfusion ww2 poster
Blood transfusion ww2 poster

After the blood is donated, it goes through a process called centrifugation. This spinning process separates the blood into red cells, plasma, and platelets.

Blood unit during transfusion
Blood unit during transfusion

In many countries, blood products are also tested for infections like HIV or hepatitis. This helps keep the blood supply safe for everyone.

Understanding blood helps us see how medicine works to save lives. Just as a car needs fuel to move, our bodies need blood to carry oxygen.

Blausen 0087 Blood Transfusion
Blausen 0087 Blood Transfusion

When a person loses blood from an injury or illness, they may need a transfusion to feel better. Doctors look at numbers like hemoglobin levels to decide when a patient needs help. For example, they might use a trigger level of 70 to 80g/L for red cells. This careful science ensures that the right parts go to the right people at the right time.

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🖼️ Images & Media (19)
File:Blood transfusion B.jpg
Blood transfusion B.jpg
File:Blood bag 2020.jpg
Blood bag 2020.jpg
File:Blood unit during transfusion.jpg
Blood unit during transfusion.jpg
File:Blausen 0087 Blood Transfusion.png
Blausen 0087 Blood Transfusion.png
File:FreshFrozenPlasma.JPG
FreshFrozenPlasma.JPG
File:Vidro para transfusão de sangue, Centro de Memórias do Curso de Enfermagem da UFES (2).jpg
Vidro para transfusão de sangue, Centro...
File:Blausen 0086 Blood Bag.png
Blausen 0086 Blood Bag.png
File:Serology interpretation of antibody panel for blood group antigens.jpg
Serology interpretation of antibody panel...
File:Blood drop plain.svg
Blood drop plain.svg
Agglutinatie rode bloedcellen libtheora.ogg
File:Richard Lower.jpg
Richard Lower.jpg
File:James Blundell (physician).jpg
James Blundell (physician).jpg

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