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Bhagalpur

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Bhagalpur is a significant urban center in the Indian state of Bihar.

Barari Nayi Sidhi Ghat
Barari Nayi Sidhi Ghat

It is located on the southern bank of the Ganges river. Historically, the area was known as Champa Nagari. Today, it is recognized as the third largest city in Bihar by population. The city serves as a major administrative headquarters. It manages the Bhagalpur district, the Bhagalpur division, and the Eastern Range. Because of its history in the silk industry, it is often called the Silk City.

Bihar agriculture college
Bihar agriculture college

The city is a vital hub for higher education in the region. It is one of only two locations in Bihar, after the capital city of Patna, to host several major institutions. These include the Indian Institute of Information Technology (IIIT) Bhagalpur and Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College. The area also hosts Tamil Nadu Medical University (TMBU) and Bihar Agricultural University (BAU). Near the town, the ruins of the medieval Vikramshila Mahavihara exist. This ancient site was an international center of learning focused on various fields, including Tantricism. A new Vikramshila Central University is currently under construction next to these ruins.

The local ecosystem is defined by the Ganges river and its unique wildlife. The river provides a habitat for the Gangetic dolphin, which is India's national aquatic animal. To protect these creatures, the Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary was established near the town. Bhagalpur is also a critical site for the greater adjutant stork, or Garuda.

Greater Adjutant
Greater Adjutant

This large stork has a naked pink head and a thick yellow bill. It is classified as an endangered species on the IUCN Red List. In 2006, teams spotted 42 of these birds nesting in the area. Since then, the population has grown from 78 to over 500 birds. This makes Bhagalpur one of only three places in the world to host them, alongside Cambodia and Assam.

Demographics show a diverse and multilingual population. According to the 2011 census, the Bhagalpur Urban Agglomeration had 410,210 people. The population included 218,284 males and 191,926 females. The literacy rate for those aged 7 and older was 80.76%. This was split between a male rate of 84.95% and a female rate of 75.95%. Religion plays a large role in daily life, with Hinduism being the majority at 70%. Islam is the second largest religion at 29%. Small groups of Jains and Christians also reside in the city.

Cultural identity in Bhagalpur is shaped by the convergence of Bihar, Jharkhand, and West Bengal. This makes it a center for many languages, including Angika, Hindi, Bengali, Urdu, and Santhali. The region follows the "Aangi" or "Angika" culture. Festivals are central to this heritage. The Kali Puja celebration is famous for its massive processions. One phase of the Murti Bisarjan procession can take 36 hours to complete. In 2024, the Shobhayatra of the Kali Puja celebrated its 71st year.

Kali Puja Shobhana at Bhagalpur
Kali Puja Shobhana at Bhagalpur

Another major tradition is the Manasa Puja, also known as Bishari Puja. This folk festival commemorates the goddess Maa Mansa. It often centers on the story of Behula and Lakhinder.

Behula-Lakhinder at Champanagar Manasa Temple
Behula-Lakhinder at Champanagar Manasa Temple

Local women sing folk songs in Angika during these rites. The Manasa Temple in Champanagar is a major pilgrimage site for this event. Thousands of devotees visit every August to honor the goddess. During the festival, large Manjusha are offered and submerged in the Champa river.

Religious sites also include the Budhanath Temple and the Champapur Digamber Jain Temple. The Budhanath Temple is one of 108 Nath temples mentioned in the Shiva Purana.

Baba Budhanath Temple
Baba Budhanath Temple

It sits on three acres of land near the Uttarvahini Ganga. The temple features a self-incarnated lingam. Meanwhile, Champapur is a historic site for Jainism. It is the place where the five Kalyanaks of Bhagwan Vasupujya occurred.

Lord Vasupujya
Lord Vasupujya

This site was once the capital of the Anga Janpada. These various landmarks connect the modern city to its ancient, sacred roots.

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🖼️ Images & Media (10)
File:Greater Adjutant.jpg
Greater Adjutant.jpg
File:Kali Puja Shobhana at Bhagalpur.jpg
Kali Puja Shobhana at Bhagalpur.jpg
File:Mansa Puja at Chhoti Khanjarpur, Bhagalpur.jpg
Mansa Puja at Chhoti Khanjarpur, Bhagalpur.jpg
File:Manasa Temple, Deepnagar Chowk, Bhagalpur.jpg
Manasa Temple, Deepnagar Chowk, Bhagalpur.jpg
File:Behula-Lakhinder_at_Champanagar_Manasa_Temple.jpg
Behula-Lakhinder_at_Champanagar_Manasa_Temple.jpg
File:Mahashay Deori, Bhagalpur.jpg
Mahashay Deori, Bhagalpur.jpg
File:Baba Budhanath Temple.png
Baba Budhanath Temple.png
File:Lord Vasupujya.jpeg
Lord Vasupujya.jpeg
File:Barari Nayi Sidhi Ghat.jpg
Barari Nayi Sidhi Ghat.jpg
File:Bihar agriculture college.jpg
Bihar agriculture college.jpg
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