Nepedia
Back to Discover
Advanced Reader
💻

Berkshire Hathaway

technology Maturity 9-11 Next article →

Berkshire Hathaway Inc. is a massive American multinational conglomerate holding company. A conglomerate is a large corporation made of many smaller, different businesses.

Peter Hilal, Warren Buffett, Paul Hilal, Charlie Munger
Peter Hilal, Warren Buffett, Paul Hilal, Charlie Munger

Headquartered in Omaha, Nebraska, the company plays a vital role in the global economy. It is one of the ten largest components of the S&P 500 index. It also ranks as one of the largest employers in the United States. In August 2024, Berkshire Hathaway reached a historic milestone. It became the eighth U.S. public company to be valued at over $1 trillion. Notably, it was the first non-technology company to reach this massive valuation.

The company operates through a strategy of acquiring diverse businesses. It functions much like a massive investment fund. Instead of just owning stocks, it owns entire companies across many industries.

2018 Berkshire Sunday at Borsheims - 41039852065
2018 Berkshire Sunday at Borsheims - 41039852065

This diversification helps the company remain stable. For example, it owns insurance companies, food brands, and energy providers. By spreading investments across different sectors, the company can manage various economic conditions. This method has led to incredible long-term growth for its shareholders.

Berkshire Hathaway's history began in the textile industry. The company was formed in 1955 through a merger. Hathaway Manufacturing Company joined with Berkshire Fine Spinning Associates to create the firm. At that time, the company had 15 plants and over 12,000 workers. However, the textile business struggled and many locations closed by the end of the 1950s. Warren Buffett began buying stock in 1962 through his investment fund, Buffett Partnership Ltd. He originally bought shares at $7.50 each. He hoped to profit as the company sold off its textile mills.

A famous disagreement changed the company's entire future. In 1964, Buffett tried to sell his shares back to the company. The manager, Seabury Stanton, verbally agreed to a price of $11.50 per share. However, the written offer that arrived later was only $11.375 per share. This lower price made Buffett angry. Instead of selling, he bought even more stock to take control of the company. He successfully removed Stanton and his son from leadership in 1965. Buffett later called this purchase his biggest investment mistake. He believed he lost hundreds of billions in potential returns by not investing in insurance instead.

The transition to a conglomerate began in earnest in 1967. This was the year Berkshire acquired National Indemnity Company for $8.6 million. This move marked the company's official entry into the insurance business.

Since then, Berkshire has acquired hundreds of different brands. Some famous examples include See's Candies, which was bought in 1972 for $25 million. By 2019, that single investment had returned over $2 billion to the company. They also own GEICO, a major automobile insurer known for its gecko mascot. Other holdings include Dairy Queen, which operates about 6,000 stores, and NetJets, a leader in private aviation.

Leadership has been a key part of Berkshire's success. Warren Buffett served as chairman and CEO from 1970 until 2025. He worked closely with vice chairman Charlie Munger, who served from 1978 to 2023.

HomeServices of America in Gillette, Wyoming
HomeServices of America in Gillette, Wyoming

Greg Abel is set to succeed Buffett as CEO at the start of 2026. Buffett remains a major figure, personally owning 38.4% of the Class A voting shares. These specific shares are unique because they have the highest per-share price of any public company. In August 2024, a single Class A share reached $700,000. This high price exists because the board of directors has historically refused to split the stock.

The financial performance of the company is quite remarkable. Between 1965 and 2023, Berkshire Hathaway achieved a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 19.8%. To compare, the S&P 500 had a CAGR of only 10.2% during that same period. This means Berkshire grew much faster than the broader market. Furthermore, the company's stock price saw negative performance in only eleven years between 1965 and 2023. This consistency has earned Berkshire high respect from professional investors. It continues to be a dominant force in the Fortune 500 and Fortune Global 500 rankings.

677 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (4)
File:Peter_Hilal,_Warren_Buffett,_Paul_Hilal,_Charlie_Munger.jpg
Peter_Hilal,_Warren_Buffett,_Paul_Hilal,_C...
File:FlightSafety International C-17 Globemaster III full flight simulator at Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam.jpg
FlightSafety International C-17...
File:HomeServices of America in Gillette, Wyoming.jpg
HomeServices of America in Gillette, Wyoming.jpg
File:2018_Berkshire_Sunday_at_Borsheims_-_41039852065.jpg
2018_Berkshire_Sunday_at_Borsheims_-_41039...
More to explore

🔬 Go deeper

More advanced topics to explore

🪜 Step back

Simpler topics to build understanding

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.