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Aomori Prefecture

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Aomori Prefecture is a significant administrative region in Japan's Tōhoku region.

Aomori Prefecture Photo NASA MODIS 2003
Aomori Prefecture Photo NASA MODIS 2003

It sits at the northernmost edge of Honshu, the country's largest island. The prefecture is bordered by the Pacific Ocean to the east and the Sea of Japan to the west. To the north, the Tsugaru Strait separates Aomori from the island of Hokkaido.

Aomori is the eighth-largest prefecture by land area. It is the 31st-most populous, housing more than 1.18 million people. The highest point in the region is Mount Iwaki, an active stratovolcano.

Apple orchard and Mt. Iwaki, autumn 2018
Apple orchard and Mt. Iwaki, autumn 2018

Human history in Aomori stretches back at least 15,000 years. The Jōmon period began during this era of hunter-gatherers and early farmers. Scientists discovered the oldest evidence of pottery in Japan at the Ōdai Yamamoto I Site.

140913 Sannai-Maruyama site Aomori Japan01bs6bs6
140913 Sannai-Maruyama site Aomori Japan01bs6bs6

Around 3,900 BCE, the Sannai-Maruyama Site became a major settlement. Inhabitants here engaged in wide trade with people from Kyushu and Hokkaido.

Aspm2
Aspm2

This settlement eventually ended around 2,300 BCE. This abandonment likely resulted from a neoglaciation that reduced natural resources. This lack of resources prevented the subsistence economy from sustaining growth.

During the later Yayoi and Heian periods, the region was known as Michinoku. It was inhabited by the Emishi people. The northernmost Emishi tribe was called the Tsugaru.

Various kogin-zashi items
Various kogin-zashi items

During the Heian period, the Imperial Court in Kyoto slowly subdued the Emishi. By 1094, the Northern Fujiwara incorporated the area into Mutsu Province. They established the port of Tosaminato to facilitate trade with continental Asia. This port eventually fell into disrepair after the Nanbu clan took control in 1432. The Northern Fujiwara were eventually deposed by Minamoto no Yoritomo in 1189.

The Kamakura and Muromachi periods saw shifting power between powerful clans. The Nanbu clan dominated the southeastern areas and grew wealthy through horse ranches. These ranches were organized into nine fortified stockades. The Andō clan controlled the Shimokita and Tsugaru peninsulas.

Horigoshi Castle moat
Horigoshi Castle moat

They traded heavily with the Ainu people in Ezo. However, conflicts between the Andō and Ainu weakened the Kamakura shogunate. During the Muromachi period, the Nanbu clan slowly pushed the Andō out of their lands. This era also saw Aomori become a vital link in the Japan-Ezo-Northern Asia trade network.

The Sengoku period brought significant social upheaval and civil wars to the region. During this time, the Ōura clan rose to power in the Hirosaki Domain. Their leader, Ōura Tamenobu, attacked the Nanbu clan in 1571. He captured several castles and eventually became an independent warlord.

Hirosaki-castle Aomori JAPAN
Hirosaki-castle Aomori JAPAN

In 1590, he changed his name to Tsugaru and established the Tsugaru clan. This clan later moved their seat to Hirosaki Castle during the Edo period. The Edo period was a long era of stability and economic expansion under the Tokugawa shogunate. The prefecture was officially formed from northern Mutsu Province during the Meiji Restoration.

Today, Aomori's economy relies on several distinct sectors. It is a major hub for transportation and logistics due to its geography. The primary sector is very strong, particularly in apple orchards.

Farmland in Aomori, Japan; June 2009
Farmland in Aomori, Japan; June 2009

Aomori is also the largest producer of black garlic in Japan. Tourism is a major economic driver for the prefecture. Visitors come to see the Jōmon Prehistoric Sites and the Shirakami-Sanchi World Heritage Sites.

Oirase keiryuu
Oirase keiryuu

The region's long, snowy winters have also shaped a unique local subculture.

Aomori is famous for its vibrant traditions and crafts. The Tsugaru-jamisen is a local version of the shamisen, a three-stringed instrument.

Hirosaki Neputa Festival 04
Hirosaki Neputa Festival 04

The Aomori Nebuta Matsuri is one of the prefecture's most noted festivals. Skilled artisans produce high-quality pottery, lacquerware, and cabinetry. They also practice intricate embroidery known as kogin-zashi.

Various kogin-zashi items
Various kogin-zashi items

Religious life is deeply rooted in Shinto and Buddhism. The region is also known for its blind mediums, called itako.

Inako 2006-10-09
Inako 2006-10-09

Even unique sites, such as a purported tomb of Jesus, add to the area's complexity.

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🖼️ Images & Media (27)
File:Horigoshi Castle moat.jpg
Horigoshi Castle moat.jpg
File:Hirosaki-castle Aomori JAPAN.jpg
Hirosaki-castle Aomori JAPAN.jpg
File:Noheiji Battle Memorial.jpg
Noheiji Battle Memorial.jpg
File:Cheseboroughmonument.jpg
Cheseboroughmonument.jpg
File:Seikan_Tunnel_entrance_-_dual-gauge_track.jpg
Seikan_Tunnel_entrance_-_dual-gauge_track.jpg
File:Aomori Prefecture Photo NASA MODIS 2003.jpg
Aomori Prefecture Photo NASA MODIS 2003.jpg
File:Rail tracks and cherry trees in Ashino Park.jpg
Rail tracks and cherry trees in Ashino Park.jpg
File:Thujopsis timberland and logging trail in Hiranai.jpg
Thujopsis timberland and logging trail in...
File:Juhyo of Hakkoda 02.jpg
Juhyo of Hakkoda 02.jpg
File:Apple orchard and Mt. Iwaki, autumn 2018.jpg
Apple orchard and Mt. Iwaki, autumn 2018.jpg
File:Farmland in Aomori, Japan; June 2009.jpg
Farmland in Aomori, Japan; June 2009.jpg
File:Oirase keiryuu.JPG
Oirase keiryuu.JPG

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