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Amirante Islands

geography Maturity 5-7 Next article →

The Amirante Islands, also known as Les Amirantes, are a significant group of coral islands and atolls. They are part of the Outer Islands of the Seychelles. This archipelago stretches approximately 155 km from north to south. It begins at the African Banks and ends at Desnœufs. Most of the chain sits upon the Amirantes Bank. This is a shallow plateau where water depths range from 25 to 70 meters.

The geography of the group includes several distinct types of landforms. There are eight single islands in total. Five of these are low sand cays. Three are classified as uplifted sand cays. The group also contains three atolls, which are ring-shaped coral structures. These atolls include St. Joseph Atoll, Poivre Atoll, and Desroches. Within these atolls, there are 18 islets. St. Joseph Atoll contains 14 of these islets. Poivre Atoll has three islets, and Desroches has one.

Specific features exist at the edges of this chain. At the northern end, there is a submerged area called the Lady Denison-Pender Shoal. The islands also include a drying reef named Remire Reef. Some islands are quite small, such as Bertaut, which is a sand cay measuring only 0.002 km2. Other islands are larger, such as the Desroches atoll. Desroches covers an area of 4.02 km2. The total land area for the entire Amirante group is 11.5 km2.

The history of the islands involves many different nations. Vasco da Gama discovered the islands in 1503 during his second voyage. He named them "Ilhas do Almirante," which means Admiral Islands. It is possible that Arab and Indian traders knew of the islands earlier. In 1802, Sieur Michel Blin claimed the islands for France. However, the Treaty of Paris in 1814 transferred them to the British. At that time, they were part of Mauritius.

Political changes continued through the 20th century. In 1909, the Seychelles became a separate colony. This change included the Amirante Islands in the new colony. A major shift occurred on 8 November 1965. The United Kingdom split Île Desroches away from the Seychelles. This was done to create the British Indian Ocean Territory. The goal was to build a military base. This base was intended to benefit both the United Kingdom and the United States.

Ownership of Île Desroches changed again recently. On 23 June 1976, the island was returned to the Seychelles. This happened because the Seychelles attained independence. Today, the population of the Amirante Islands is about 300 people. The largest concentrations of people are found in specific areas. There is a prison located 2 km from Marie Louise village. There is also a construction camp for the Collins group. This camp sits 2 km from Desroches village.

The Amirante Islands are closely related to other nearby landmasses. The Alphonse Group lies 90 km to the south. Some people consider the Alphonse Group part of the Amirantes. They see it as a southern extension of the chain. However, the two groups are separated by deep water. This water is generally between 1000 and 2000 meters deep. This deep gap separates the Amirantes Bank from the Alphonse Group.

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