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Al Jolson

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Al Jolson was a legendary American entertainer of the early 20th century.

AlJolsonReading
AlJolsonReading

He worked as a singer, comedian, actor, and vaudevillian. Jolson often called himself "The World's Greatest Entertainer." He was one of the highest-paid stars in the United States during the 1910s and 1920s. His performance style was famously high-energy and melodramatic. Many historians believe his specific approach helped define the modern musical theater.

My Buddy sheet music cover Al Jolson 1922
My Buddy sheet music cover Al Jolson 1922

He was known for a sentimental style that audiences had never heard on Broadway before.

Jolson's journey to stardom involved many different types of stage work. He began by singing for coins on street corners with his brother, Harry.

Jolson family 1948
Jolson family 1948

He later worked as an usher and a singer for a circus. He also performed in vaudeville, which were variety shows featuring many different acts. In 1904, Jolson began performing in blackface, a practice of using dark makeup to mimic Black people. This choice boosted his career significantly. He eventually moved from small variety acts to massive Broadway musical revues. He became a regular star at the Winter Garden Theater in New York City.

His Broadway career was marked by a series of massive hits. In 1911, the musical *La Belle Paree* helped launch him as a major star. He followed this with *Vera Violetta*, where his weekly salary rose to $750. By 1918, he starred in the hit musical *Sinbad*, which was the most successful show of its time. This production included the song "Swanee," which became George Gershwin's first hit recording. Jolson also achieved massive success with the musical *Bombo*. This show introduced "California Here I Come," which became one of his signature songs. At age 35, he was the youngest man to have a theater named after him.

Jolson's life began in the village of Srednike, Lithuania.

Al Jolson Grave
Al Jolson Grave

He was born Asa Yoelson to Moses and Nechama Yoelson. His father was a cantor, a religious singer, who moved the family to New York City in 1891. The family arrived in the United States as steerage passengers on the SS Umbria in 1894. Life was difficult, and Jolson lost his mother when he was very young. He spent time at the St. Mary's Industrial School for Boys in Baltimore. These early experiences in a new country helped shape his drive to succeed.

Jolson played a massive role in the evolution of cinema.

The Jazz Singer 1927 Poster
The Jazz Singer 1927 Poster

He starred in *The Jazz Singer* in 1927, which was the first "talking picture." This film used the Vitaphone sound-film process to allow audiences to hear actors speak and sing. The film's 89-minute runtime changed movies forever. Jolson also starred in several successful musical films throughout the 1930s. Later, his stardom saw a revival through films like *The Jolson Story* in 1946. In that film, actor Larry Parks played the young Jolson, but Jolson himself provided the singing vocals.

His legacy is viewed as highly complex by modern critics.

Al Jolson with a black actor in The Singing Fool (1928)
Al Jolson with a black actor in The Singing Fool (1928)

Jolson was a prominent blackface performer, a practice now considered shameful. He extracted African-American music and popularized it for White audiences. While he used harmful stereotypes, some records suggest he fought against Black discrimination on Broadway as early as 1911. Music critic Ted Gioia has called him the "shameful poster boy" of blackface. This duality makes him a central figure in studying the history of American entertainment and race.

In his later years, Jolson showed great dedication to serving his country. After the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, he was the first star to entertain troops overseas.

Al Jolson entertains U.S. troops at Pusan Stadium during his visit to the fighting front HD-SN-99-03127
Al Jolson entertains U.S. troops at Pusan Stadium during his visit to the fighting front HD-SN-99-03127

He returned to this service during the Korean War in 1950. During that conflict, he performed 42 shows in just 16 days. This intense schedule caused physical exhaustion, and he died shortly after returning to the U.S. For his service, Defense Secretary George Marshall posthumously awarded him the Medal for Merit.

Marshall-giving-medal-of-merit
Marshall-giving-medal-of-merit
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AlJolsonReading.jpg
File:The Jazz Singer 1927 Poster.jpg
The Jazz Singer 1927 Poster.jpg
The Jazz Singer (1927).webm
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Heart of NY.jpg
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JolsonSingerPoster.JPG
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File:Al Jolson entertains U.S. troops at Pusan Stadium during his visit to the fighting front HD-SN-99-03127.jpg
Al Jolson entertains U.S. troops at Pusan...
File:Marshall-giving-medal-of-merit.jpg
Marshall-giving-medal-of-merit.jpg
File:Al Jolson Grave.JPG
Al Jolson Grave.JPG
File:Jolson family 1948.jpg
Jolson family 1948.jpg
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Aljolsoncoolidge.jpg
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