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Aberdeen

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Aberdeen is a major port city located in North East Scotland.

Aberdeen beach - geograph.org.uk - 3929234
Aberdeen beach - geograph.org.uk - 3929234

It is the third most populous city in the country. The city sits between the mouths of two rivers, the Dee and the Don.

Aberdeen Harbour & Torry area
Aberdeen Harbour & Torry area

It features a long, sandy coastline along the North Sea. The region experiences an oceanic climate. This means summers are cool and winters are mild and rainy.

3rd Aug 2012- Abdn Harbour 2
3rd Aug 2012- Abdn Harbour 2

The name Aberdeen has deep linguistic roots. It translates to "mouth of the river Don." The first part of the name comes from the Pictish word for "river mouth." The second part comes from the Celtic river goddess, Devona. In the medieval period, the area became Gaelic-speaking. The Romans used the Latin name Devona for the river. Local Doric pronunciation often sounds like "Aiberdeen."

Human settlement in this area is incredibly ancient. Evidence suggests people have lived here for at least 8,000 years.

The city originally grew from two separate burghs. Old Aberdeen sat at the mouth of the River Don. New Aberdeen was a fishing and trading settlement. It was located where the Denburn waterway entered the Dee estuary. These two areas eventually merged into one city.

Royal charters helped shape the city's legal and economic power. King David I granted the first burgh status between 1124 and 1153. In 1179, William the Lion granted the first charter. Later, Alexander II gave the Burgesses a Royal Charter in 1214. This allowed them to form a Guild. The Guild exercised power over the local council for over 700 years. In 1319, Robert the Bruce granted the Great Charter. This made Aberdeen a financially independent community. It also gave the city the nearby Forest of Stocket. The income from this forest created the Common Good Fund.

Aberdeen has faced many periods of conflict and hardship. During the Wars of Scottish Independence, the city was under English rule. Robert the Bruce besieged and destroyed Aberdeen Castle in 1308. Edward III burned the city in 1336. The city was later strongly fortified to stop attacks from neighbors. During the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, both sides plundered the city. In 1687, an outbreak of bubonic plague killed 8.5% of the population. During World War II, the German Luftwaffe attacked Aberdeen 32 times. One night in 1943, a large raid killed 127 people and damaged 12,000 houses.

The physical appearance of the city is quite unique. From the mid-18th to the mid-20th centuries, builders used local grey granite.

Aberdeen, Union Street, Tram 9
Aberdeen, Union Street, Tram 9

This stone contains a high amount of mica. Because of this mica, the buildings can sparkle like silver. The city is also a famous university town. The University of Aberdeen was founded in 1495. This makes it the fifth oldest university in the English-speaking world.

New King's, Aberdeen University - geograph.org.uk - 2630798
New King's, Aberdeen University - geograph.org.uk - 2630798

Industry in Aberdeen has changed significantly over time. Traditional jobs included fishing, shipbuilding, paper-making, and textiles. However, the discovery of North Sea oil in 1969 changed everything.

NDBQ 26 - 10th Jan 2015
NDBQ 26 - 10th Jan 2015

Aberdeen is now known as the offshore oil capital of Europe. The seaport is the largest in North East Scotland.

Aberdeen Harbour & Torry area
Aberdeen Harbour & Torry area

The city also hosts the Aberdeen Heliport. It is one of the busiest commercial heliports in the world.

Today, Aberdeen is a vital part of the UK economy. In 2012, HSBC named it a leading business hub. It was one of eight "super cities" in the UK. In 2018, a study found it was the best UK city to start a business. The city is governed by the Aberdeen City Council.

Marischal College A
Marischal College A

The council meets at the Town House and Marischal College.

The civic head of the council is the Lord Provost.

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🖼️ Images & Media (29)
File:View Of Aberdeen by William Mosman - William Mosman - ABDAG004432.jpg
View Of Aberdeen by William Mosman -...
File:Aberdeen, Union Street, Tram 9.jpg
Aberdeen, Union Street, Tram 9.jpg
File:Union Terrace Gardens.jpg
Union Terrace Gardens.jpg
File:Marischal College A.JPG
Marischal College A.JPG
File:Aberdeen, the Town House - geograph.org.uk - 3831834.jpg
Aberdeen, the Town House -...
File:Aberdeen beach - geograph.org.uk - 3929234.jpg
Aberdeen beach - geograph.org.uk - 3929234.jpg
File:3rd Aug 2012- Abdn Harbour 2.JPG
3rd Aug 2012- Abdn Harbour 2.JPG
File:Aberdeen population pyramid 2020.svg
Aberdeen population pyramid 2020.svg
File:AberdeenDemographic.gif
AberdeenDemographic.gif
File:St Andrew's Cathedral, King Street, Aberdeen.JPG
St Andrew's Cathedral, King Street, Aberdeen.JPG
File:2 Pics i took Back in 06 19 . (49799093462).jpg
2 Pics i took Back in 06 19 . (49799093462).jpg
File:NDBQ 26 - 10th Jan 2015.JPG
NDBQ 26 - 10th Jan 2015.JPG

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