Mesosphere
The air has many layers. This layer is high up. It is very cold there. It is the coldest part of our air. It is near space. Can you imagine the cold?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleEarth Science articles — Page 20
Explore rocks, volcanoes, weather, oceans and the processes that shape Earth. Choose an article below; its reading controls let you move between the available levels.
1,427 public articles · Page 20 of 30
Meteor Crater
A big rock hit the Earth. It made a giant hole. The hole is in the desert. It is very deep. You can see it from high up. It is a special place. Do you want to see it?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMethane clathrate
Some ice can burn. This ice has gas inside it. It stays deep in the cold ocean. It looks like regular ice. It is very neat to see. Do you like ice?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMethane emissions
A gas called methane is in the air. It helps keep the Earth warm. Some comes from cows and old wells. This can make the world too hot. We can help stop it. Do you want to learn more?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMichael E. Mann
Michael helps us learn about Earth. He looks at how the air changes. He uses math to see the past. This helps us know our world. It is very cool! Do you like science?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMicroclimate
Some places have their own weather. A small hill can change the air. Trees can block the wind too. This helps plants grow well. It matters to the world. Do you see different weather near you?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMicrocline
This is a special rock. It is found in some stones. It can even be green. This green kind is called amazonite. It helps ice form in the air. It is a very cool find. Do you like rocks?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMicropaleontology
Some fossils are very tiny. You cannot see them with your eyes. You need a special tool to see them. These small things tell us about the past. They help us learn about our world. Can you find them?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMicroplastics
Tiny bits of plastic are everywhere. They are very, very small. Some come from washing clothes. Others come from old bottles. These bits can be in the water. They can even be in the air. Can you help keep our world…
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMidnight sun
The sun stays up all night. It is summer in the far north. The sky stays bright. You can see the sun at midnight. It does not go away! Do you like the bright sun?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMigmatite
Some rocks are made of two parts. One part is old and hard. The other part is new and soft. Deep in the Earth, it gets very hot. This makes the rock melt a little bit. It looks like wavy stripes. Do you like wavy rocks?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMikhail Budyko
A man studied our world. He looked at how heat moves. He wanted to know about the air. This helps us know our future. He was a great thinker. Do you like to learn about Earth?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMilankovitch cycles
The Earth moves in space. Its path changes slowly. The way it tilts also changes. These shifts change our weather. This can change the world over a long time. Do you like the seasons?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMilutin Milanković
Milutin was a smart man. He loved math and stars. He studied how the Earth stays warm. His work helps us know the weather. He was a great teacher. Do you like looking at the stars?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMineral physics
We study the deep inside of Earth. It is very hot and heavy there. We use tiny diamonds to squeeze rocks. This helps us learn about our home. It is like a big puzzle! Do you want to explore?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMineral water
This water comes from the ground. It has bits of salt in it. It can be still or bubbly. You can buy it in a bottle. It helps your body stay well. Do you like bubbly water?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMinoan eruption
A big volcano erupted long ago. It was on a small island. The ground shook very hard. Big waves came from the sea. People had to leave their homes. It was a very big event. Have you ever seen a volcano?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMiocene
A long time ago, the Earth changed. The world got cooler. Grass grew in many places. Big animals lived on the land. Even the first apes lived then. It was a busy time. Do you like big animals?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMist
Mist is made of tiny water drops. These drops float in the air. It happens when warm air gets cold. It looks like a thin cloud. You can see through it. Do you see mist on a cold day?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMisti
Misti is a big volcano. It sits near a large city. White snow sits on the top. It looks like a tall cone. People live near it. Do you see the mountain?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMistral (wind)
A strong wind blows in France. It is very cold. The wind can blow for many days. It makes the sky very clear. It even blows the dust away. Do you like the wind?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleModernity
People's lives changed a long time ago. New ways of thinking began. People built big cities. They used new tools and machines. This helped the world grow. It changed how we live today. Do you like new things?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleModified Mercalli intensity scale
Some scales measure how the ground shakes. It shows if you feel a shake. It shows if things break. This helps us learn about old shakes. Can you feel the ground shake?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMohorovičić discontinuity
The Earth has layers. One layer is the hard ground. Another layer is deep below it. There is a line between them. This line is a big change. It helps us learn about our world. Can you feel the ground?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMohs scale
Some rocks are hard. Some are soft. You can test them. A hard rock can scratch a soft rock. A diamond is the hardest. Can you find a hard rock?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMoment magnitude scale
Scientists use a scale to measure earthquakes. This scale tells us how strong an earthquake is. It helps us know how much energy it has. This matters so we can stay safe. It is a very smart way to learn. Can you feel…
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMonazite
This is a reddish-brown rock. It is found in sand. It has special parts inside. These parts help us make things. It can even hold bad waste safely. Do you like looking at rocks?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMonazite geochronology
Some tiny rocks act like clocks. They tell us how old the Earth is. These rocks stay strong in heat. They help us see the past. Do you want to be a rock detective?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMonsoon of South Asia
Big winds bring much rain. They blow from the sea. The winds bring water to the land. This rain helps plants grow. It helps people too. Do you like the rain?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMontane ecosystem
Some plants live on mountains. They grow in different spots. High up, it is very cold. The wind blows hard. Trees cannot grow there. Only small plants live in the cold. Do you like mountains?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMoorland
Moorland is a wide, open place. It is often on big hills. Low plants grow there. Many birds and animals live there. It is a special home for nature. Do you like to walk on hills?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMount Adams (Washington)
Mount Adams is a very big mountain. It is in a place called Washington. It is a volcano. It has lots of ice on it. Many animals live there. Do you like big mountains?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMountain formation
Big mountains grow from the ground. They can rise up very high. Some mountains are made by fire. Other mountains move when the earth shifts. These giant rocks are amazing to see. Have you ever seen a mountain?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMount Asama
Mount Asama is a big volcano. It is in Japan. The mountain can blow out ash. This ash can fall on the ground. It is very active. We watch it closely. Do you like big mountains?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMount Aso
Mount Aso is a big volcano. It is in Japan. It has smoke coming out. You can see hot springs there. People go there to hike. It is a very special place. Do you want to see it?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMount Bromo
Mount Bromo is a big mountain. It is a volcano. It can spit ash into the sky. Many people visit it to see it. It is a special place for some. Do you want to see it?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMount Damavand
Mount Damavand is a very big mountain. It is in a place called Iran. It is a volcano. It has hot water at the bottom. This water helps people feel better. Do you like big mountains?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMount Edziza volcanic complex
There is a big group of mountains. They are made from old lava. Some parts have white ice on top. Bears and birds live there too. It is a very grand place. Do you like big mountains?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMount Erebus
Mount Erebus is a big volcano. It is in a cold place called Antarctica. It has hot, red lava inside. This lava stays in a lake. It is a very special place. Do you like volcanoes?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMount Merapi
Merapi is a big mountain. It is a volcano. It can blow out fire. Smoke comes from the top. Many people live near it. We must be careful. Do you like big mountains?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMount Nyiragongo
A big mountain is a volcano. This one has a lake of hot, red rock. It can move very fast. The red rock flows down the hill. It can reach towns and homes. We watch it to stay safe. Do you like big mountains?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMount Paektu
Mount Paektu is a very big mountain. It is a volcano. A large lake sits on top. It is called Heaven Lake. Many people think the mountain is special. Do you like big mountains?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMount Papandayan
Mount Papandayan is a big mountain. It is in a place called Indonesia. This mountain can blow out smoke. People like to visit it. They see mud that bubbles. Do you want to see a volcano?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMount Ruapehu
Ruapehu is a big mountain. It is a volcano. It can blow out hot stuff. It has a lake in it. The lake is very warm. You can ski on the slopes. Do you like the snow?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMount Sidley
Mount Sidley is a very big mountain. It is a volcano. Much of it is covered in white snow. It is in a cold place called Antarctica. It is a very high peak. Can you imagine the cold snow?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMount Tambora
Mount Tambora is a big mountain. It is a volcano in a place called Indonesia. It can blow out hot rocks and ash. This can make the air feel cold. It is a very big mountain. Have you ever seen a volcano?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMount Unzen
Mount Unzen is a big mountain. It is in Japan. It is a volcano. This means it can blow hot rock out. It makes the land change. It is very big and tall. Do you like big mountains?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMount Whitney
Mount Whitney is a very big mountain. It is in California. It is the highest mountain in the land. It is made of hard rock. Some small plants grow there. Would you like to climb it?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article