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West Asia

geography Maturity 7-9 Next article →

West Asia is a large and important region located at the western edge of the Asian continent.

West Asia Köppen Map
West Asia Köppen Map

It sits between several other major areas. To the north and northwest, it is separated from Europe by the Turkish Straits and the Greater Caucasus mountains. To the southwest, the Isthmus of Suez separates it from Africa. The region also neighbors Central Asia to the northeast and South Asia to the east. Twelve different seas surround this land, including the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, and the Persian Gulf. Many people use the term "Middle East" to talk about this area. However, West Asia is a more precise geographical name. It excludes parts of Egypt and northwestern Turkey but includes the southern Caucasus.

The land in West Asia has many different shapes and features. There are huge mountains and very deep places. For example, the Dead Sea sits on the border of Israel and Jordan. It is the lowest point on the surface of the Earth. In Turkey, the Anatolian Plateau sits between the Pontus and Taurus mountains. Mount Ararat is a very high peak in that same country. Other parts of the region are very dry. The Rub' al Khali is one of the largest sand deserts in the world.

Cedars in Lebanon
Cedars in Lebanon

You can also find green areas, like the cedar forests in Lebanon.

The weather in West Asia is often hot and dry. Much of the region is arid, which means it does not get much rain. This can lead to water shortages for the many people living there. There are two special types of winds in this area. The sharqi wind comes from the south and southeast. It is a dry, dusty wind that can cause massive sandstorms. These storms can sometimes be so big that they close down airports. There is also a summer wind called the shamal that blows over Iraq and the Persian Gulf.

Water is a very important resource for life in this region. Because it is often dry, people must find ways to water their crops. Major rivers like the Tigris and Euphrates provide much of this water. People also use irrigation, which is a way to move water to plants. In Saudi Arabia, there are large aquifers deep underground that hold water. An aquifer is a layer of rock or soil that holds water like a sponge. These underground sources help support farming in the dry desert lands.

West Asia is a place where many different nations and cultures meet. About 313 million people live in this region. Many of the countries, such as Iran, Turkey, Iraq, Yemen, and Saudi Arabia, have large populations. There are 20 UN member countries that are part of or near the region. Out of these, 13 belong to the Arab world. Different groups use different names for the region based on their own rules. For example, some groups include Afghanistan, while others do not. This shows how much people can study and define the world in different ways.

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🖼️ Images & Media (2)
File:Cedars in Lebanon.jpg
Cedars in Lebanon.jpg
File:West Asia Köppen Map.png
West Asia Köppen Map.png
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