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Wakayama (city)

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Wakayama is a major city located in the Kansai region of Japan.

Wakayama city hall03nt3200
Wakayama city hall03nt3200

It serves as the capital of Wakayama Prefecture. The city sits at the northwest corner of the prefecture. To the north, it is bordered by Osaka Prefecture. To the west, the Kii Channel and the Kitan Strait provide access to the sea. The city is positioned at the mouth of the Kinokawa River. Most of the main urban center sits on the left bank of this river.

The climate in Wakayama is classified as humid subtropical, known as Köppen Cfa. This means the area experiences warm summers and cool winters. Snowfall is generally light or nonexistent. The average annual temperature is 15.6 °C. In August, temperatures reach an average high of 26.4 °C. In January, the average temperature drops to about 5.4 °C. The city receives an average annual rainfall of 1713 mm. September is typically the wettest month of the year. During the summer, the region is also subject to typhoons.

Wakayama has a deep and complex history. The area was once the center of the ancient Kii Province. It contains the Iwase-Senzuka Kofun Cluster. This is one of the largest groups of kofun, or burial mounds, in Japan. Before the Yamato State rose to power, the Kii Kuni no miyatsuko ruled the Kinokawa River Valley. During the Nara period, priests from Tang China constructed the Kimiidera temple. Later, Toyotomi Hideyoshi built the predecessor of Wakayama Castle during the Sengoku period. The city grew as a castle town under the Kii Tokugawa clan during the Edo period. On April 1, 1889, Wakayama officially received city status. However, the city suffered greatly during World War II. A bombing on July 9, 1945, killed 1208 people and wounded 1560 others. This event destroyed more than half of the urban area.

Today, Wakayama is the largest city in its prefecture. It is the primary commercial hub for northern Wakayama. The population was estimated at 351,391 people living in 157,066 households. This population peaked in the 1980s but has been declining slowly since then. The city has a population density of 1700 persons per km2. On April 1, 1997, the city attained core city status. This status granted the local government increased autonomy. The government uses a mayor-council form. A mayor is directly elected by the people. There is also a unicameral city council consisting of 38 members.

The economy of Wakayama relies on several different sectors. Primary industries include commercial fishing and agriculture. The region is known for growing rice and citrus fruits. Specifically, Wakayama Prefecture is famous for mikan mandarins and umeboshi, which are salty pickled plums. Secondary industries focus on heavy industry and electronics. Nippon Steel is a major employer in the area. Other significant companies include Mitsubishi Electric and Kao Corporation. The local economy faced challenges when Sumitomo Steel moved much of its production to China.

Transportation is vital for the city's many residents and businesses.

JR logo (west)
JR logo (west)

Several railway lines serve the area. These include the JR West Hanwa, Kisei Main, and Wakayama lines. The Wakayama Electric Railway operates the Kishigawa Line.

Nankai group logo
Nankai group logo

The Nankai Electric Railway also provides service via the Nankai Main, Wakayamako, and Kada lines. For road travel, the Hanwa and Keinawa Expressways are important.

JP Expressway E42
JP Expressway E42

The city is also near major airports. Kansai International Airport is 35 km away. Nanki–Shirahama Airport is 65 km to the southeast. This airport provides one daily flight to Tokyo via Japan Airlines.

There are many unique attractions for visitors to explore. Wakayama Castle is a notable historical site. The city is also home to one of Japan's three Melody Roads. This road has grooves cut into the pavement. When a car drives over them, the grooves create a tactile vibration. This also causes an audible rumbling in the car body. Visitors can also see the Museum of Modern Art, Wakayama. The city maintains several sister-city relationships. These include Bakersfield in the United States and Jeju in South Korea. It also has ties to Jinan in China and Richmond in Canada. The relationship with Jinan was helped by a man who was an escaped medic in the Imperial Japanese Army.

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File:Wakayama city hall03nt3200.jpg
Wakayama city hall03nt3200.jpg
File:JR logo (west).svg
JR logo (west).svg
File:Ryobi Group logo.svg
Ryobi Group logo.svg
File:Nankai group logo.svg
Nankai group logo.svg
File:JP Expressway E42.svg
JP Expressway E42.svg
File:JP Expressway E24.svg
JP Expressway E24.svg
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