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Tsushima Island

geography Maturity 5-7 Next article →

Tsushima is an archipelago located within the Japanese archipelago.

Tsushima1WP
Tsushima1WP

It sits in the sea between the Tsushima Strait and the Korea Strait. This location is approximately halfway between Kyushu and the Korean Peninsula. The islands belong to the Nagasaki Prefecture. Tsushima is actually a collection of over 100 smaller islands and islets. The main group of islands is the eighth-largest in Japan.

View from Shimizuyama 2017
View from Shimizuyama 2017

The geography of the islands has changed over several centuries. Originally, the main island was a single landmass. In 1671, the Ōfunakoshiseto canal was dug through an isthmus. This canal divided the land into two parts. Later, in 1900, the Manzekiseto canal was constructed.

manzekisto
manzekisto

This second canal split the land into three sections. Today, the two main islands are called Kamino-shima and Shimono-shima. A combination of a bridge and a causeway now connects them.

The islands feature a marine humid subtropical climate. This weather is strongly influenced by monsoon winds. The average yearly precipitation is 2,132.6 mm. This rainfall is generally higher than on the main islands of Japan. Because the islands are small and isolated, they face moist marine air from all sides. As this air hits the steep slopes, it releases rain. In the spring, continental monsoon winds carry loess from China. Loess is a fertile mix of clay and sand. These winds also cool the islands during the winter.

Nature covers most of the land in Tsushima. About 89% of the area consists of mountains and natural vegetation. Forests cover 90% of the island. These woods include deciduous trees, conifers, and broad-leafed evergreens like cypress. Many mountains rise from the landscape, such as Mt. Ohira and Mt. Yatate.

Watatsumi shrine
Watatsumi shrine

The fauna includes the leopard cat and the Japanese marten. Otters were discovered living there in February 2017. The islands are an Important Bird Area for species like the Japanese wood pigeon. Even the ocean is unique. The Tsushima Reef is the northernmost coral reef in the world. It is dominated by cool-tolerant stony corals called Scleractinian Favia.

History shows that Tsushima has always been a strategic location. In Japanese mythology, Shinto deities created it as one of the eight original islands.

The Famous Scenes of the Sixty States 69 Tsushima
The Famous Scenes of the Sixty States 69 Tsushima

Archaeological evidence shows settlers lived there during the Jōmon and Kofun periods. The islands were vital for defending Japan against invasions from the Asian continent. During the Mongol invasions between 1274 and 1281, the islands faced great conflict.

Mōko Shūrai Ekotoba
Mōko Shūrai Ekotoba

The Sō clan governed the islands for many generations. They maintained control until the late 19th century. Ruins like Kaneda Castle show the history of these defenses.

Kanata Castle, Ichii-no-Kido, haridashi-1
Kanata Castle, Ichii-no-Kido, haridashi-1

The economy of the islands relies on several different industries. About 28,502 people live in the archipelago. Many people work in primary industries, which include fishing. Fishing accounts for 82.6% of all primary industry work. Much of this involves catching squid on the eastern coast.

Ohunae
Ohunae

Tourism is also a major economic factor. Many visitors arrive via high-speed ferries from Busan, South Korea. Tourism has grown due to interest in the video game Ghost of Tsushima. Visitors often come to try local foods like anago conger eel.

Chōsen Tsūshin-shi Raichō-zu
Chōsen Tsūshin-shi Raichō-zu

Travel to the islands is possible through several methods. Tsushima Airport provides flights to Fukuoka and Nagasaki. Ferries also connect the islands to ports like Iki and Hakata. While residents use public buses, services are somewhat limited. There are currently no specialized sightseeing tour buses available. This makes traveling to specific tourist spots more difficult for visitors. Despite these limits, the islands remain a significant part of the Nagasaki Prefecture.

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🖼️ Images & Media (10)
File:Tsushima1WP.jpg
Tsushima1WP.jpg
File:View from Shimizuyama_2017.jpg
View from Shimizuyama_2017.jpg
File:Kanata Castle, Ichii-no-Kido, haridashi-1.jpg
Kanata Castle, Ichii-no-Kido, haridashi-1.jpg
File:Watatsumi shrine.JPG
Watatsumi shrine.JPG
File:The Famous Scenes of the Sixty States 69 Tsushima.jpg
The Famous Scenes of the Sixty States 69...
File:Mōko Shūrai Ekotoba.jpg
Mōko Shūrai Ekotoba.jpg
File:Chōsen Tsūshin-shi Raichō-zu.jpg
Chōsen Tsūshin-shi Raichō-zu.jpg
File:Ohunae.jpg
Ohunae.jpg
File:Sō Yoshitoshi.jpg
Sō Yoshitoshi.jpg
File:manzekisto.jpg
manzekisto.jpg
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