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Torch

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A torch is a device designed to carry fire. It consists of a handle with combustible material at one end. This material can be used as a portable light source. It can also be used to set other objects on fire.

Lewes Bonfire, discarded torch
Lewes Bonfire, discarded torch

Throughout human history, torches have served many different roles. They are used in religious ceremonies and large processions. They also appear in entertainment, such as juggling. In the United Kingdom and Australia, the word "torch" also describes a battery-operated flashlight.

Firebreathingtorch
Firebreathingtorch

The construction of a torch depends on its specific purpose. Most traditional torches use a wooden stave as a handle. One end of this stave is wrapped in a material soaked in a flammable substance. In the United States, people may have used black bear bones for this purpose. Modern procession torches are built for safety and ease of use. They use a tube made of coarse hessian cloth soaked in wax.

Liberty torch drawing
Liberty torch drawing

A cardboard collar is often attached to the handle to catch dripping wax. Juggling torches require even more specialized materials. These use a wooden or metal stave with a wick made of Kevlar. This wick is then soaked in a flammable liquid like kerosene.

The history of the torch is tied to the evolution of language. The word comes from the Old French "torche," which means "twisted thing." This likely refers to a torch made of twisted tow dipped in wax. It may also stem from the Latin word "torques," meaning a twisted metal collar.

George Rennie Cupid Rekindling the Torch of Hymen at the V and A 2008
George Rennie Cupid Rekindling the Torch of Hymen at the V and A 2008

In ancient Greece, torches were central to many festivals. The Athenians held at least five different torch festivals. These included the Panathenaea, the Hephaistia, and the Prometheia. Some historians believe the Athenians introduced torch races to honor Hephaestus. He was the god who mastered fire and taught it to others. Others suggest these races honored Prometheus, the bringer of fire.

Torches carry deep symbolic meanings in art and politics. They often represent enlightenment or hope. The Statue of Liberty, named "Liberty Enlightening the World," uses a torch for this reason.

Liberty torch drawing
Liberty torch drawing

In Greek and Roman funerary monuments, the direction of the torch was important. A torch held upward symbolized life, truth, and the regenerative power of flame. Conversely, a downward-pointing torch was a sign of mourning. Political parties have also used the torch as an emblem. In the United Kingdom, both the Labour and Conservative parties used it at different times. In the Philippines, school seals use the torch to represent the vision of education.

In the modern era, the torch is a famous part of the Olympic Games. Runners carry a torch in a relay to light the Olympic flame. This flame burns without interruption until the Games conclude.

This specific relay tradition was introduced by Carl Diem in 1936. He was the chairman of that year's Summer Olympics. The tradition draws inspiration from the ancient games in Olympia. During those ancient times, a sacred flame burned inside the temple of Hera. This flame was kept under the care of a priestess.

Torches also have specific uses in religion and science. In Roman Catholic liturgy, torchbearers once carried torches in Eucharistic processions. These torches were non-freestanding, meaning they could not stand up on their own. Today, the Vatican uses freestanding candles in ornate holders instead. Some Anglican and Lutheran churches still use torches in their celebrations. In the mid-20th century, scientists used magnesium torches for underwater work. Magnesium burns with a bright white light. It is unique because it can burn even while underwater.

Firebreathingtorch
Firebreathingtorch

Finally, the torch appears in our language and culture through metaphors. The association with love may come from Greek and Roman wedding traditions. A wedding torch was once lit in a bride's hearth to light her new home. This links the torch to Hymen, the Greek god of marriage.

George Rennie Cupid Rekindling the Torch of Hymen at the V and A 2008
George Rennie Cupid Rekindling the Torch of Hymen at the V and A 2008

We still use the idiom "to carry a torch" to describe romantic infatuation. This usually describes loving someone who does not love you back. This theme is also found in "torch songs." These are sentimental songs where a singer laments unrequited love.

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🖼️ Images & Media (5)
File:Lewes Bonfire, discarded torch.jpg
Lewes Bonfire, discarded torch.jpg
File:Firebreathingtorch.JPG
Firebreathingtorch.JPG
File:Liberty torch drawing.svg
Liberty torch drawing.svg
File:Li Ling during 2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony.jpg
Li Ling during 2008 Summer Olympics...
File:George Rennie Cupid Rekindling the Torch of Hymen at the V and A 2008.jpg
George Rennie Cupid Rekindling the Torch...
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