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Thresher shark

life science Maturity 5-7 Next article →

Thresher sharks are large, active fish found in oceans all over the world. They live in both warm tropical waters and cooler temperate seas. These sharks belong to a group called Alopiidae. Their name comes from the Greek word for fox. This is because the common thresher is also called the fox shark.

Thresher shark jumping
Thresher shark jumping

Most of these sharks prefer the open ocean. This is called a pelagic habitat. They are very important to study because they are currently listed as vulnerable. This means they face a high risk of extinction.

Pacifica thresher shark
Pacifica thresher shark

The most amazing thing about these sharks is their tail. The tail is called a caudal fin. It is very long and can be as long as the shark's whole body. Thresher sharks use this tail as a tool to hunt. They whip the tail through the water to hit small fish. This action stuns the prey so the shark can eat it. They like to eat fish like mackerel, tuna, and bluefish. They also eat squid, cuttlefish, and sometimes seabirds.

Alopias superciliosus embryos nefsc
Alopias superciliosus embryos nefsc

Scientists have studied how these sharks are related to other fish. Research by Martin and Naylor in 1997 looked at specific genes. They found that threshers are a sister group to basking sharks and mackerel sharks. Other experts like Compagno and Shimada also studied their bodies and teeth. In 1995, a researcher named Blaise Eitner found something interesting. He used an analysis to suggest there might be a fourth species. This possible new species lives in the eastern Pacific near Baja California.

Thresher shark jumping
Thresher shark jumping

There are three main species of thresher shark alive today. The common thresher is the largest and can reach 7 meters in length. The bigeye thresher is the next largest at 4.9 meters. The pelagic thresher is the smallest at only 3 meters long. You can tell them apart by their colors. Common threshers are dark green on top. Bigeye threshers are brown. Pelagic threshers are usually blue.

Pacifica thresher shark
Pacifica thresher shark

Some sharks even have a special way to stay warm. They use red muscle and blood vessels to keep heat inside their bodies.

Thresher sharks have a very interesting way of growing. They are live-bearers, which is called ovoviviparous. This means the babies develop inside the mother. The pups are quite large when they are born. Sometimes, the young sharks eat unfertilized eggs inside the mother. This special way of eating is called oophagy.

Alopias superciliosus embryos nefsc
Alopias superciliosus embryos nefsc

These sharks take a long time to grow up. Males might not be ready to mate until they are seven to thirteen years old. Females take even longer to mature. Because they have so few babies, they are at risk from overfishing.

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🖼️ Images & Media (3)
File:Thresher shark jumping.jpg
Thresher shark jumping.jpg
File:Pacifica thresher shark.jpg
Pacifica thresher shark.jpg
File:Alopias superciliosus embryos nefsc.jpg
Alopias superciliosus embryos nefsc.jpg
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