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Snipe eel

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Snipe eels belong to the family Nemichthyidae. They are pelagic fishes, which means they live in the open ocean rather than on the sea floor. These eels are found in every ocean on Earth. Most of them live in the deep, dark parts of the water. They usually stay at depths between 300 and 600 meters. However, some can be found as deep as 2,000 meters.

Pelagiczone
Pelagiczone

This deep-water lifestyle is a major part of how they survive in the ocean.

The most famous feature of a snipe eel is its mouth. They have very slender jaws that separate toward the tips. The upper jaw curves upward in a unique way. This shape looks very much like the beak of a bird called a snipe.

Nemichthys scolopaceus
Nemichthys scolopaceus

Because of these jaws, they are specialized for feeding. Scientists have found shrimp-like crustaceans in their stomachs. Ichthyologists, who are scientists that study fish, believe they might also eat small fish or cephalopods. Cephalopods are animals like squid or octopuses. While there is not much direct evidence, larger fish may also eat the adult eels.

Snipe eels have a very complex life cycle involving metamorphosis. Metamorphosis is a process where an animal undergoes a major physical change. They begin life as oviparous creatures, meaning they lay eggs. The young eels are called leptocephali, which means "small head." These juveniles do not look like the adults at all. They have transparent, clear bodies that are shaped like leaves or ovals.

Avocettina infans
Avocettina infans

These larvae stay in shallow water, about 60 to 70 meters deep, for several months. Eventually, they undergo metamorphosis and descend into the deeper ocean to live as adults.

There are nine different species of snipe eel organized into three genera. A genus is a group of animals that are closely related. One genus is Nemichthys. This group includes the slender snipe eel, known as Nemichthys scolopaceus. This species was identified by Richardson in 1848. Another member is the boxer snipe eel, Nemichthys curvirostris, named by Strömman in 1896. The third genus is Avocettina. This group includes the southern snipe eel, Avocettina acuticeps, which was named by Regan in 1916.

Labichthys carinatus
Labichthys carinatus

There is also a genus called Labichthys, which includes Yano's snipe eel.

Each species has its own specific physical traits. Adults can grow to be between 30 and 60 inches long. Despite their length, they are very light. They often weigh only a few ounces to a single pound. Their dorsal fins, which are the fins on their backs, also vary. For example, Avocettina gilli has fewer than 280 dorsal rays. In contrast, Avocettina infans has more than 320 rays.

Avocettina infans
Avocettina infans

Even the position of the vent, or the body opening, changes between species. In Nemichthys scolopaceus, the vent is near the throat. In Avocettina infans, it is further back on the body.

It is easy to confuse snipe eels with other similar animals. For instance, the bobtail snipe eel is not a true snipe eel. It belongs to a different family called Cyematidae. This family includes two species: the black Cyema atrum and the bright red Neocyema erythrosoma. These are also bathypelagic, meaning they live in deep water. They can be found in all oceans and live down to 2,000 meters. Another similar group is the sawtooth eels. These belong to the family Serrivomeridae and have teeth that look like a saw on the roof of their mouths.

Studying snipe eels helps scientists understand the connections in the ocean food web. We know that predatory fish often eat eel larvae. This means that the survival of larger fish may depend on the tiny leptocephali. By tracking where these eels spawn and grow, researchers learn about the health of the deep sea. Most spawning happens in the spring and early summer. Observations in the Sargasso Sea and off California have helped provide this data. These small, strange fish show us how life adapts to the extreme depths of our planet.

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🖼️ Images & Media (5)
File:Avocettina infans.jpg
Avocettina infans.jpg
File:Labichthys carinatus.jpg
Labichthys carinatus.jpg
File:Nemichthys scolopaceus.jpg
Nemichthys scolopaceus.jpg
File:シギウナギ(鴫鰻、tlantic snipe eel, slender snipe eel) Nemichthys scolopaceus 2.jpg
シギウナギ(鴫鰻、tlantic snipe eel, slender snipe...
File:Pelagiczone.svg
Pelagiczone.svg
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