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Shimane Prefecture

geography Maturity 11-13 Next article →

Shimane Prefecture is a region located in the Chūgoku region on Honshu, the main island of Japan.

Map of Shimane Prefecture Ja
Map of Shimane Prefecture Ja

It sits along the Sea of Japan coastline to the north. To the south, the prefecture is bounded by the Chūgoku Mountains. It shares land borders with Tottori Prefecture to the east. To the south, it borders Hiroshima Prefecture. To the southwest, it borders Yamaguchi Prefecture. Shimane also governs the Oki Islands in the Sea of Japan. These islands are part of the Daisen-Oki National Park.

Okinoshima (15066448338)
Okinoshima (15066448338)

The geography of Shimane is defined by its mountains and water. Because the landscape is very mountainous, rice farming is mostly done on the Izumo plain. This plain is located near the city of Izumo. Another major feature is the Shimane peninsula. This peninsula sits across the Sea of Japan from Izumo and Sakaiminato. The peninsula helps form two brackish lakes. Brackish water is a mix of fresh and salt water. These lakes are called Lake Shinji and Nakaumi. The island of Daikon is located inside Lake Nakaumi.

Cape Hinomisaki02
Cape Hinomisaki02

The climate in Shimane is sub-tropical. This means the weather has specific patterns. Summers are often humid. The rainy season occurs from June to mid-July. During this time, it rains almost every day. Winters are often cloudy and may see a little snow. The average annual precipitation is higher than in Tokyo or Obihiro. In August, the temperatures reach their highest monthly average. In the winter months of January and February, temperatures are at their lowest.

Gotsu in Shimane Prefecture Ja
Gotsu in Shimane Prefecture Ja

Shimane has a deep history tied to Japanese mythology. The Shinto god Ōkuninushi was believed to live in the old province of Izumo. The Izumo-taisha shrine honors this god. In early history, the area was divided into three parts: Iwami, Izumo, and Oki. During the Kamakura period, between 1185 and 1333, the shogunate exiled emperors Go-Toba and Godaigo to Oki. Emperor Go-Daigo eventually escaped from the island. He then gathered supporters to fight against the shogunate.

View from Taikodani Inari Shrine 4
View from Taikodani Inari Shrine 4

During the Middle Ages, different clans fought for control of the land. The Kyōgoku clan controlled Izumo and Oki during the Muromachi period. Later, the Amago clan grew powerful at Gassantoda Castle. The Masuda clan dominated the Iwami Province. These groups fought many battles over the Iwami Ginzan Silver Mine. This mine was located between their territories. By the early 17th century, it was one of the largest silver mines in Japan. Today, it is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Shimizudani Refinery Ruins at Iwami Ginzan Silver Mine 001
Shimizudani Refinery Ruins at Iwami Ginzan Silver Mine 001

Political changes reshaped the prefecture in the 1600s and 1800s. In 1600, Horio Yoshiharu entered Izumo and Oki after the Battle of Sekigahara. He chose to build Matsue Castle instead of using Gassan-Toda.

MatsueCastle
MatsueCastle

The castle was completed after his death. In 1871, the abolition of the han system created the modern prefecture. This system replaced old feudal domains. The borders changed several times between 1871 and 1881. Eventually, the current borders of Shimane and Tottori were established.

Matsue in Shimane Prefecture Ja
Matsue in Shimane Prefecture Ja

Today, Shimane is the second-least populous prefecture in Japan. It has a population of 665,205 as of February 2021. The total geographic area is 6,708.26 km2. There are eight main cities in the prefecture. Matsue is the capital and the largest city. It is part of the Lake Shinji-Nakaumi metropolitan area. This area has about 600,000 people. It is the third-largest metropolitan area on the Sea of Japan coast. Other important cities include Izumo, Hamada, and Masuda. Gōtsu is the smallest of the eight cities.

IWAMI OSAKI HANA
IWAMI OSAKI HANA

Travelers can reach Shimane by air, rail, or road. There are three airports: Izumo, Iwami, and Oki. Izumo Airport is the largest for passengers. It has regular flights to Haneda, Osaka, and Fukuoka. The Sanin Main Line railway runs along the coast through major cities. You can even take the Sunrise Izumo. This is an overnight limited express train that runs from Tokyo. Shimane also includes the disputed Liancourt Rocks. These rocks are located in the Sea of Japan.

MatsueCastle
MatsueCastle
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🖼️ Images & Media (61)
File:IWAMI OSAKI HANA.JPG
IWAMI OSAKI HANA.JPG
File:MatsueCastle.jpg
MatsueCastle.jpg
File:Shimizudani Refinery Ruins at Iwami Ginzan Silver Mine 001.jpg
Shimizudani Refinery Ruins at Iwami...
File:Map of Shimane Prefecture Ja.svg
Map of Shimane Prefecture Ja.svg
File:Cape Hinomisaki02.jpg
Cape Hinomisaki02.jpg
File:松江市 松江城から (29882144321).jpg
松江市 松江城から (29882144321).jpg
File:View from Taikodani Inari Shrine 4.jpg
View from Taikodani Inari Shrine 4.jpg
File:Okinoshima (15066448338).jpg
Okinoshima (15066448338).jpg
File:Flag of Gotsu, Shimane.svg
Flag of Gotsu, Shimane.svg
File:Gotsu in Shimane Prefecture Ja.svg
Gotsu in Shimane Prefecture Ja.svg
File:Flag of Hamada, Shimane.svg
Flag of Hamada, Shimane.svg
File:Hamada in Shimane Prefecture Ja.svg
Hamada in Shimane Prefecture Ja.svg

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