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Portsmouth

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Portsmouth is a major port city and unitary authority in Hampshire, England.

SelseyHaylingPortsea
SelseyHaylingPortsea

Most of the city is located on Portsea Island. This island sits in the Solent, off the south coast of England. Portsmouth is unique because it is the only city in England not located primarily on the mainland. It is situated south-east of Southampton and west of Brighton and Hove. The city is also south-west of London.

Map of portsmouth a bit before 1540
Map of portsmouth a bit before 1540

With a recorded population of 208,100, it is the most densely populated city in the United Kingdom. It forms part of the South Hampshire urban area alongside Gosport, Fareham, Havant, Eastleigh, and Southampton.

The city's identity is deeply tied to the sea and the Royal Navy. HMNB Portsmouth is an operational naval base. It currently houses two-thirds of the United Kingdom's surface fleet.

A busy scene with ferries - geograph.org.uk - 1306443
A busy scene with ferries - geograph.org.uk - 1306443

The naval base also contains the National Museum of the Royal Navy. Nearby, the Portsmouth Historic Dockyard holds a collection of famous warships. These include the Mary Rose and the HMS Victory. The HMS Victory is the world's oldest naval ship still in commission.

HMS Victory
HMS Victory

The dockyard also features the Royal Navy's first ironclad warship. The former shore establishment has been transformed into a retail destination called Gunwharf Quays.

Gunwharf Quays Vernon Avenue
Gunwharf Quays Vernon Avenue

Technological history in Portsmouth is significant. The city is home to the first drydock ever built. King Henry VII constructed this in 1496.

P277 View of Portsmouth Harbour, as it appears at the present time
P277 View of Portsmouth Harbour, as it appears at the present time

Portsmouth also contains the world's oldest dry dock. This is known as "The Great Stone Dock." It was originally built in 1698 and rebuilt in 1769. Today, it is known as "No.5 Dock." The city also hosted the world's first mass production line. This was located at the Block Mills within the naval base. It was used to produce pulley blocks for the Royal Navy fleet.

The history of the area stretches back to Roman times. The Romans built a fort called Portus Adurni at nearby Portchester in the late 3rd century.

Round Tower (Portsmouth)2009
Round Tower (Portsmouth)2009

The Old English name for the area, "Portesmuða," comes from "port" and "muða." This means the mouth of a large river or estuary. Later, the Anglo-Norman merchant Jean de Gisors founded the area known as Old Portsmouth.

Old Portsmouth
Old Portsmouth

He ordered a chapel for St Thomas Becket to be built there. On 2 May 1194, King Richard I granted Portsmouth a royal charter. This charter established it as a town with markets and a local court. This event is a major milestone in the city's development.

Military importance shaped the city's landscape for centuries. By the early 19th century, Portsmouth was the most heavily fortified city in the world. It was considered the world's greatest naval port during the Pax Britannica. In 1859, a ring of defensive forts called the Palmerston Forts was built. These were intended to protect against invasions from continental Europe. During the Second World War, the city experienced the Portsmouth Blitz. This period of extensive bombing resulted in the deaths of 930 people. The city also served as a vital embarkation point for the D-Day landings.

Modern Portsmouth features many notable landmarks and services. The Spinnaker Tower dominates the waterfront and Portsmouth Harbour. It is one of the tallest structures in the United Kingdom.

Spinnaker Tower 2014
Spinnaker Tower 2014

Southsea serves as the city's seaside resort. It was named after Southsea Castle. Southsea features two piers, including the Clarence Pier amusement park.

Southsea Clarence Pier
Southsea Clarence Pier

The area also hosts the world's only regular hovercraft service. This service runs from Southsea Hoverport to the Isle of Wight. The city is also one of the few in Britain with two cathedrals. These are the Anglican Cathedral of St Thomas and the Roman Catholic Cathedral of St John the Evangelist.

Portsmouthcatholiccathedral
Portsmouthcatholiccathedral

Many influential people were born in Portsmouth. The city is the birthplace of author Charles Dickens and engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel.

Statue of Charles Dickens in Guildhall Square - geograph.org.uk - 3871763
Statue of Charles Dickens in Guildhall Square - geograph.org.uk - 3871763

Other notable figures include James Callaghan, Peter Sellers, and Christopher Hitchens. The city also supports a large student population. The University of Portsmouth has an enrollment of 23,000 students.

Park Building, University of Portsmouth - geograph.org.uk - 548659
Park Building, University of Portsmouth - geograph.org.uk - 548659

Residents and fans often use the nickname "Pompey" to refer to the city and its football club. Portsmouth remains a vital link between historical maritime traditions and modern urban life.

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🖼️ Images & Media (30)
File:Round Tower (Portsmouth)2009.jpg
Round Tower (Portsmouth)2009.jpg
File:Map of portsmouth a bit before 1540.PNG
Map of portsmouth a bit before 1540.PNG
File:Old Portsmouth.jpg
Old Portsmouth.jpg
File:HMS Warrior at Midday. - panoramio.jpg
HMS Warrior at Midday. - panoramio.jpg
File:P277 View of Portsmouth Harbour, as it appears at the present time.jpg
P277 View of Portsmouth Harbour, as it...
File:Portsmouth Semaphore Tower.jpg
Portsmouth Semaphore Tower.jpg
File:George VI inspecting the crew of HNoMS Draug.jpg
George VI inspecting the crew of HNoMS Draug.jpg
File:The Royal Yacht Britannia in Portsmouth - geograph.org.uk - 1702549.jpg
The Royal Yacht Britannia in Portsmouth -...
File:Aerial photograph of Portsmouth Dockyard taken during a Photex, taken from 2,000 feet. MOD 45144955.jpg
Aerial photograph of Portsmouth Dockyard...
File:London, Great Britain Population Density and Low Elevation Coastal Zones (5457306673).jpg
London, Great Britain Population Density...
File:SelseyHaylingPortsea.JPG
SelseyHaylingPortsea.JPG
File:Portsmouth population pyramid.svg
Portsmouth population pyramid.svg

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