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Perak

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Perak is a state located on the west coast of the Malay Peninsula in Malaysia.

1942 Japanese World War II Map of the Malay Peninsula and Singapore - Geographicus - Kamatchka-japanese-1940
1942 Japanese World War II Map of the Malay Peninsula and Singapore - Geographicus - Kamatchka-japanese-1940

It shares borders with several other Malaysian states. To the north is Kedah, and to the northwest lies Penang. To the east, Perak meets Kelantan and Pahang. To the south, it is bordered by Selangor. The map shows how these different lands sit next to each other.

Limestone hills of Tambun near the Tibetan Temple
Limestone hills of Tambun near the Tibetan Temple

The landscape is filled with diverse tropical rainforests and an equatorial climate. Huge mountain ranges like the Titiwangsa, Bintang, and Keledang Ranges rise up here. These hills are part of the Tenasserim Hills system. This large system connects Myanmar, Thailand, and Malaysia.

History in Perak goes back many thousands of years.

Gua Tambun5
Gua Tambun5

Long ago, people lived in caves and left rock art on the walls. One of the most famous finds is a skeleton known as Perak Man. This skeleton was found in a cave at Bukit Kepala Gajah. It is about 10,000 years old.

Perak Axe (BM)
Perak Axe (BM)

Finding this skeleton helped experts learn how early humans moved through Southeast Asia. Before Islam arrived, the people in this area were often Hindu or Buddhist. Archaeologists have found many statues of Buddha and Hindu gods in places like Bidor. These items show how different cultures lived there in the past.

A Muslim sultanate began to grow in Perak around the year 1528.

Aceh Sultanate en
Aceh Sultanate en

This new kingdom grew from the remains of the Malaccan Sultanate. For a long time, the state faced many different rulers. It resisted occupation by the Siamese for over two hundred years. However, the Aceh Sultanate from Sumatra also held influence over the area.

Dutch Fort Pulau Pangkor 2007 020 pano
Dutch Fort Pulau Pangkor 2007 020 pano

Later, the Dutch East India Company arrived and competed for control. The British also became involved through the nearby Straits Settlements in Penang. A treaty signed in 1824 helped prevent fights between the British and the Dutch. This allowed the British to expand their reach in the peninsula.

In the late 1800s, the way Perak was run changed quite a bit.

Women tin miners in Perak, late 19th century
Women tin miners in Perak, late 19th century

The British helped reform the government and promoted a market-driven economy. They also worked to stop the practice of slavery in the state. During World War II, the Japanese occupied Perak for three years.

Japanese Type 97 Te-Ke tanks during the Battle of Kampar, 1941
Japanese Type 97 Te-Ke tanks during the Battle of Kampar, 1941

After the war ended, Perak was part of the Malayan Union. Eventually, it joined the Federation of Malaya. On 16 September 1963, Perak became part of the new nation of Malaysia. This marked a major step toward the full independence the state has today.

Today, Perak is a place with many different cultures and languages.

Istana Iskandariah Bukit Chandan Kuala Kangsar
Istana Iskandariah Bukit Chandan Kuala Kangsar

The state has a population of about 2,000,000 people. While Malay is the official language, many people also speak English, Mandarin, and Tamil. The Sultan of Perak is the head of state. The head of government is called the Menteri Besar. The state is divided into 12 different administrative districts.

Road bridge passing the Royal Belum Rainforest, Perak, Malaysia
Road bridge passing the Royal Belum Rainforest, Perak, Malaysia

Many people work in manufacturing or service jobs. Perak is also known for its beautiful pottery called labu sayong. This tradition helps keep the unique culture of the state alive.

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🖼️ Images & Media (40)
Lagu Rasmi Perak - Allah Lanjutkan Usia Sultan.ogg
File:Gua Tambun5.jpg
Gua Tambun5.jpg
File:Perak Axe (BM).JPG
Perak Axe (BM).JPG
File:Aceh Sultanate en.svg
Aceh Sultanate en.svg
File:Dutch Fort Pulau Pangkor 2007 020 pano.jpg
Dutch Fort Pulau Pangkor 2007 020 pano.jpg
File:Image from page 833 of "Pagan races of the Malay Peninsula" (1906).jpg
Image from page 833 of "Pagan races of...
File:Collectie NM van Wereldculturen TM-60016182 Groepsportret met lokale bestuurders in Perak Auteur Marie-Franþois-Xavier-Joseph-Jean-Honore Brau de Saint-Pol Lias (1840 - 1914).jpg
Collectie NM van Wereldculturen...
File:Pangkor Island, Perak, 1874.jpg
Pangkor Island, Perak, 1874.jpg
File:Women_tin_miners_in_Perak,_late_19th_century.jpg
Women_tin_miners_in_Perak,_late_19th_century.jpg
File:SultanAbdullahPerak.jpg
SultanAbdullahPerak.jpg
KITLV - 3608 - Lambert & Co., G.R. -...
File:The Author's first ride in Perak.png
The Author's first ride in Perak.png

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