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Oxfam

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Oxfam is a large confederation of 21 independent non-governmental organizations, or NGOs. These organizations work together to alleviate global poverty.

Oxfam International
Oxfam International

The group is led by Oxfam International, which is a non-profit foundation. This central body is registered in The Hague, Netherlands. Oxfam operates in 79 different countries across the globe. Its members are located in many regions, including Asia, Europe, and the Americas. The organization focuses on both immediate relief and long-term changes to social systems.

The mechanism of Oxfam's work involves both direct aid and systemic campaigning. In many areas, Oxfam provides essential humanitarian services. They are a recognized leader in providing water sanitation to impoverished or war-torn regions. This includes helping people access clean water after humanitarian disasters. Beyond physical aid, Oxfam also engages in advocacy. This means they campaign to change laws and economic practices. They focus on issues like economic inequality, climate change, and gender justice. By addressing both immediate needs and the causes of poverty, they attempt to create lasting change.

Oxfam operates through various distinct parts and types of activities. One major part is their retail presence through charity shops. These shops sell donated items and fair-trade products to raise money.

First Oxfam shop crop
First Oxfam shop crop

Another part is their international secretariat, located in Nairobi, Kenya. This secretariat supports the various affiliates around the world. There are also specialized branches, such as Oxfam America, which is an independent nonprofit. Oxfam America focuses on specific areas like food security and aid reform. Each affiliate works independently but remains part of the larger Oxfam confederation.

The history of Oxfam began during World War Two. In 1942, a group of concerned citizens met in Oxford, UK.

Oxfam plaque Old Library University Church Oxford
Oxfam plaque Old Library University Church Oxford

This group was called the Oxford Committee for Famine Relief. It included academics, social activists, and Quakers. They wanted to help people in occupied Greece who were starving. They also tried to persuade the British government to allow food relief through naval blockades. In 1947, they opened their first permanent gift shop on Broad Street. In 1949, Joe Mitty became the first paid employee. He helped develop the shop into a national chain by selling donated clothing.

Oxfam has grown significantly in scale over many decades. By 1960, it had become an international aid organization. In 1965, the name was officially changed to OXFAM. By 2010, the organization had over 1,200 shops worldwide. More than half of these shops are located in the United Kingdom. Oxfam is also a major retailer of second-hand books in Europe. They sell approximately 12 million books every year. In 2008, Oxfam GB worked with over 20,000 volunteers in their UK shops. These volunteers helped raise £17.1 million for the organization's programs.

There are many notable examples of Oxfam's involvement in global crises. They have provided relief during the North Korean famine and the Nepal earthquake. They also worked during the 2011 East Africa drought and the 2012 Sahel drought.

Oxfam East Africa - Mogadishu aid flight 005
Oxfam East Africa - Mogadishu aid flight 005

Oxfam also campaigns on specific trade issues. For example, they fought for Ethiopian coffee farmers. They argued that trademark issues could cost farmers up to £47 million annually. They also campaign against "dumping." This occurs when surplus goods from wealthy nations are sold at very low prices. This makes it difficult for farmers in poorer countries to compete.

Oxfam's work connects deeply to broader global economic systems. They study how wealth is distributed among the world's population. In 2014, an Oxfam report stated that 85 of the world's wealthiest people held wealth equal to the bottom 50% of humanity. This bottom 50% represents about 3.5 billion people. They also look at how trade rules and patent laws affect developing nations. For instance, high costs for medication and software can prevent access to essential goods. By analyzing these connections, Oxfam aims to address the root causes of global inequality.

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🖼️ Images & Media (7)
File:Oxfam plaque Old Library University Church Oxford.jpg
Oxfam plaque Old Library University...
File:First Oxfam shop crop.jpg
First Oxfam shop crop.jpg
File:Oxfam East Africa - Mogadishu aid flight 005.jpg
Oxfam East Africa - Mogadishu aid flight 005.jpg
File:Oxfam International.svg
Oxfam International.svg
File:Recycle for Oxfam or you'll be sorted - geograph.org.uk - 1501324.jpg
Recycle for Oxfam or you'll be sorted -...
File:Oxfam East Africa - An Oxfam cholera prevention float.jpg
Oxfam East Africa - An Oxfam cholera...
File:OxfamCirencester.jpg
OxfamCirencester.jpg
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