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Norway

geography Maturity 9-11 Next article →

Norway is a Nordic country located in Northern Europe.

Europe-Norway
Europe-Norway

It sits on the western and northern parts of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The country shares a long border with Sweden to the east. To the northeast, it meets Finland and Russia.

Europe-Norway
Europe-Norway

Norway has a very long coastline that faces many different seas. These include the Skagerrak strait, the North Sea, the Norwegian Sea, and the Barents Sea.

Territorial waters - Norway
Territorial waters - Norway

The country also includes the Arctic island of Jan Mayen and the Svalbard islands.

Norway in the World (+Antarctica claims) cropped
Norway in the World (+Antarctica claims) cropped

It is a place of many different landscapes and waters.

Life in Norway is shaped by its many natural resources. The land holds large amounts of petroleum and natural gas.

StatfjordA(Jarvin1982)
StatfjordA(Jarvin1982)

In fact, the petroleum industry makes up about one quarter of the country's economy. Norway is the largest producer of oil and gas outside of the Middle East when looking at the amount per person. The country also has plenty of minerals, lumber, seafood, and fresh water.

Reine Lofoten 2009
Reine Lofoten 2009

These riches help support the people and the economy. The state even owns large parts of these important industries. This helps create a very strong wealth fund for the future.

Norway has a history that goes back thousands of years. The earliest humans lived along the coast after the ice melted.

Satellite image of Norway in February 2003
Satellite image of Norway in February 2003

During the Viking Age, explorers sailed from these shores to far places. They found Iceland and even reached parts of Canada known as Vinland.

Gjermundbu helmet - cropped
Gjermundbu helmet - cropped

Traditional stories say King Harald Fairhair unified the small kingdoms in 872.

Norwegian Hereditary Empire excluding Greenland
Norwegian Hereditary Empire excluding Greenland

Later, the country was part of Denmark-Norway for a long time. From 1814 to 1905, it was also joined with Sweden. The country has survived many changes and wars throughout its long past.

Today, Norway is a kingdom with its own way of governing.

Slottet i Oslo 1
Slottet i Oslo 1

King Harald V is the current monarch of the land. The Prime Minister is Jonas Gahr Støre, who has held the role since 2021.

Storting building
Storting building

The government is divided into the parliament, the cabinet, and the courts. The country is also split into smaller areas called counties and municipalities. The Sámi people live there too and have their own parliament.

Saami Family 1900
Saami Family 1900

This helps them have a say in their own traditional lands.

Norway is a very active member of the world community. It was one of the founding members of the United Nations.

EU and EFTA
EU and EFTA

The country also belongs to groups like NATO and the Nordic Council. It maintains close ties with the United States and the European Union.

EU and EFTA
EU and EFTA

Many people find the Norwegian way of life interesting because of its focus on fairness. The country provides health care and social support for everyone. This system is based on the idea that everyone should be treated equally. It is a modern nation with deep roots in its history.

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🖼️ Images & Media (51)
File:Europe-Norway (orthographic projection).svg
Europe-Norway (orthographic projection).svg
File:Europe-Norway.svg
Europe-Norway.svg
File:Norway in the World (+Antarctica claims) cropped.svg
Norway in the World (+Antarctica claims)...
Norway_(National_Anthem).ogg
File:Ohthere.jpg
Ohthere.jpg
File:Bronze Age boats.png
Bronze Age boats.png
File:Gjermundbu helmet - cropped.jpg
Gjermundbu helmet - cropped.jpg
File:Norwegian Hereditary Empire excluding Greenland.png
Norwegian Hereditary Empire excluding...
File:Barrio de Bryggen, Bergen.jpg
Barrio de Bryggen, Bergen.jpg
File:Union of Kalmar (1500).svg
Union of Kalmar (1500).svg
File:Eerste fase van de Zeeslag in de Sont - First phase of the Battle of the Sound - November 8 1658 (Jan Abrahamsz Beerstraten, 1660).jpg
Eerste fase van de Zeeslag in de Sont -...
File:Eidsvoll riksraad 1814.jpeg
Eidsvoll riksraad 1814.jpeg

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