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Musical note

arts Maturity 7-9 Next article →

Musical notes are the basic building blocks for almost all music.

Treble a
Treble a

They are single, distinct sounds that help people play and understand songs. Notes can show the pitch, which is how high or low a sound is. For instruments like drums, notes might show the type of sound instead. A note can also mean a single musical event. For example, the song "Happy Birthday to You" starts with two notes of the same pitch.

Chuo-ha001
Chuo-ha001

Musicians use special symbols to communicate these notes on paper.

There are many ways to describe a note. Note value tells a player how long a sound lasts in time. Some notes are very long, while others are very short. Musicians also use dynamics to show how loud or soft to play. Articulations tell a performer how to shape the start and end of a note.

frequency vs name
frequency vs name

Symbols called accidentals can also change a note's pitch. A sharp symbol raises a pitch by a half step. A flat symbol lowers a pitch by a half step. A natural symbol cancels these changes and returns the note to normal.

People around the world use different names for notes. In many European countries, musicians use the syllables do, re, mi, fa, sol, la, and ti. This system is called solfège. In English-speaking regions, people often use the first seven letters of the alphabet: A, B, C, D, E, F, and G.

Cifrado americano
Cifrado americano

Traditional Indian music uses notes called svaras. These are named Sa, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, and Ni. Even ancient Byzantium had its own set of unique names for notes.

Notes can also be grouped into families called octaves. Two notes that are an octave apart sound very similar to our ears. This happens because their frequencies have a special mathematical relationship. One common reference point is Middle C.

Chuo-ha001
Chuo-ha001

Middle C sits between the treble and bass staves. It has a frequency of about 261.626 Hz. In modern tuning, the note A above it is set to exactly 440 Hz. This standard helps musicians play together correctly.

There are different ways to write these notes down. Scientific pitch notation uses a letter and a number, like C4 for Middle C. This helps tell which octave a note belongs to. Another way is Helmholtz notation, which uses special symbols called primes. Electronic instruments use a system called MIDI to name notes with numbers. In MIDI, the lowest supported note is 0 and the highest is 127. These different systems all help us organize the amazing sounds of music.

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🖼️ Images & Media (5)
File:Treble a.svg
Treble a.svg
File:Cifrado americano.JPG
Cifrado americano.JPG
File:Chuo-ha001.png
Chuo-ha001.png
File:frequency vs name.svg
frequency vs name.svg
File:Map of current European preferred note naming.png
Map of current European preferred note naming.png
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