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Mountain gorilla

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The mountain gorilla is a very special kind of ape.

Mountain gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei) 05
Mountain gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei) 05

It is one of two types of eastern gorillas. These large animals are currently listed as endangered. This means there are not many of them left in the wild. As of 2019, scientists estimated there were only 1,063 mountain gorillas in the world. They live in high, misty forests in Africa. Most live in the Virunga Mountains. These mountains are in Uganda, Rwanda, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Another group lives in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park in Uganda.

Mountain gorillas have a very interesting way of moving and living. They are mostly terrestrial, which means they spend most of their time on the ground. They move by knuckle-walking. This is when they support their weight on the backs of their curved fingers. They are also diurnal, so they are active during the day. They spend a lot of time eating to keep up their large bodies. In the morning, they look for food. They rest during the middle of the day. Then, they eat again in the afternoon before resting for the night. Every single evening, each gorilla builds a new nest out of plants to sleep in.

Mountain gorilla toddler of the Nkuringo troop in the Bwindi Impenetrable National Park in Uganda
Mountain gorilla toddler of the Nkuringo troop in the Bwindi Impenetrable National Park in Uganda

Scientists have studied how these gorillas are related to other animals for a long time. Long ago, ancestral apes lived in Africa and Arabia. About 8.8 to 12 million years ago, the group that would become gorillas split from humans and chimps. The name "Gorilla" was used in 1852. In 1967, a scientist named Colin Groves suggested all gorillas were one species. Later, in 2003, experts decided there are actually two different species.

Gorilla taxonomy
Gorilla taxonomy

This helped people understand how to protect them better.

These gorillas have many unique physical traits. Adult males are called silverbacks.

Silverback of Ntambara group
Silverback of Ntambara group

They get a patch of silver hair on their backs as they grow older. Silverbacks are much larger than females. A male can weigh up to 460 pounds. They also have bony crests on their heads. These crests help hold their strong jaw muscles in place. Their fur is thicker and longer than other gorillas. This helps them stay warm in the cold mountain air. You can even tell gorillas apart by their unique nose prints!

Mountain gorillas live in close family groups. Most groups have about ten members. A group usually has one leader called a dominant silverback. He protects the family from danger and decides where they go to eat. The group also includes females and young children. Most males leave their home group when they are about eleven years old. This can be a slow process. They might spend time alone or with other males before starting a new family.

Silverback of Ntambara group
Silverback of Ntambara group

Even though they are very strong, they are often gentle and shy.

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🖼️ Images & Media (4)
File:Gorilla taxonomy.jpg
Gorilla taxonomy.jpg
File:Silverback of Ntambara group.JPG
Silverback of Ntambara group.JPG
File:Mountain gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei) 05.jpg
Mountain gorilla (Gorilla beringei...
File:Mountain gorilla toddler of the Nkuringo troop in the Bwindi Impenetrable National Park in Uganda.jpg
Mountain gorilla toddler of the Nkuringo...
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