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Matrakçı Nasuh

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Matrakçı Nasuh was a remarkable polymath of the 16th-century Ottoman Empire. A polymath is a person who excels in many different fields of study. Nasuh was a mathematician, historian, geographer, and painter. He was also a soldier, a navigator, and a teacher. He is perhaps most famous for inventing a combat sport called Matrak. This invention earned him his nickname, Matrakçı. Because of his great skill with weapons, he was also known as Nasuh the Swordsman.

Matraki1
Matraki1

Nasuh's early life began in the Bosnian town of Visoko. He was born to Bosnian Muslim parents around 1480. He was recruited by Ottoman scouts in Rumelia and brought to Istanbul. During this time, he entered the devşirme system. While this system usually involved the Christian population, it was exceptionally extended to local Muslim families in Bosnia. Nasuh served as a Janissary and was eventually recruited into the Ottoman Navy. His diverse education allowed him to serve several different Ottoman sultans.

In the field of mathematics, Nasuh made significant contributions to arithmetic and algebra. He is credited with introducing the lattice multiplication system.

Matraki2
Matraki2

This method uses a mesh or grid to solve multiplication problems. To use this system, a person multiplies two numbers in a column starting from the far right. If the product is a two-digit number, the tens digit is written above the mesh. The ones digit is then written below the mesh. Studies of his book, Umdet-ul Hisab, show this method was used at the Enderun School nearly 50 years before John Napier reintroduced similar ideas to Europe.

Nasuh was also a master of Ottoman miniature art. Miniatures are small, highly detailed paintings. He developed a unique way of painting known as the "Matrakçı style." This style focused on panoramic views of landscapes and entire cities. His paintings were famous for their incredible precision. For example, his depiction of Istanbul shows almost every single street and building in the city.

He used these visual records to document the movements of the Ottoman military.

His historical works provided a detailed look at the era of Suleiman I. Nasuh wrote several books on history, including Mecmaü't-Tevârih and Süleymannâme. He also wrote a piece called Fetihname-i Karabuğdan about the Persian campaign.

One of his most impressive four-volume works contains miniatures of the Safavid war. These paintings illustrate the march of the Ottoman Army from Istanbul to Baghdad and Tabriz. He also included every city the army encountered on its return via Aleppo and Eskişehir. The only copy of this specific work is held at the Library of Istanbul University.

As a soldier and weapons expert, Nasuh held a position of great respect. He worked as a weapons teacher at the Enderun School. He was a master bladesmith and wrote a book called Tuhfet-ül Guzât about weapon usage and combat techniques. Nasuh and his students once performed a skill demonstration during the circumcision celebrations for the sons of Suleiman I. This included the future sultan, Selim II. Because of his success, the sultan granted him the honorary titles of Ustad, meaning master, and Reis, meaning chief.

Today, the legacy of Matrakçı Nasuh is preserved in many ways. In his birthplace of Visoko, he is often compared to a "Bosnian Leonardo da Vinci." This title honors his ability to master so many different disciplines. There is even a street named Matrakčijina located near the Hometown Heritage Museum in Visoko. His life has also been the subject of a 1978 documentary film by Turkish Radio-television. His many books and paintings continue to provide a window into the 16th-century Ottoman world.

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