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Lizzie Borden

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Lizzie Andrew Borden was an American woman who became the center of a famous criminal case. She lived in Fall River, Massachusetts, during the late 1800s. In August 1892, her father and stepmother were killed in their home with a hatchet. This event led to a massive investigation and a high-profile trial. Even though she was acquitted, the case remains a major part of American history.

Lizzie Borden by B.W. Clinedinst
Lizzie Borden by B.W. Clinedinst

Lizzie was born on July 19, 1860, to Sarah Morse and Andrew Jackson Borden. Her father was a very successful businessman in Fall River. He manufactured furniture and caskets, and he was a property developer. He also served as a director for several textile mills. He was the president of the Union Savings Bank. Despite his wealth, which was valued at $300,000, he was very frugal. He lived in a large house at 92 Second Street, but it lacked indoor plumbing.

Lizzie was very active in her local religious community. She was a member of the Christian Endeavor Society and served as its secretary-treasurer. She also belonged to the Woman's Christian Temperance Union. Lizzie spent much of her time teaching Sunday school to children of recent immigrants. She was also involved with the Ladies' Fruit and Flower Mission. Her life appeared to be centered around her church and social service.

In the months before the murders, tension grew within the Borden family. Much of this tension involved property and money. Lizzie and her sister Emma had demanded rental property from their father. They eventually purchased a house from him for one dollar. They then sold that same property back to him for $5,000. There was also conflict regarding gifts of real estate given to Abby's family. In May 1892, Andrew killed several pigeons in his barn with a hatchet. Lizzie had built a roost for them, and some believed she was upset by his actions.

The murders occurred on Thursday, August 4, 1892. The victims were Abby Durfee Gray and Andrew Borden. Forensic evidence showed that Abby was struck first with a hatchet. She was hit 18 times in total. Later that morning, Andrew was attacked while he was in the sitting room. He was struck 10 or 11 times with a hatchet-like weapon. Detectives estimated that Andrew died around 11:00 am. The household had been suffering from a mysterious illness for several days before this happened.

The investigation into the deaths was quite complicated. Police searched the basement and found several tools. These included two hatchets, two axes, and a hatchet-head with a broken handle. Investigators believed the broken hatchet-head might be the murder weapon. They thought someone had applied ash and dust to it to hide its use. Lizzie also became a person of interest because of her behavior. A neighbor reported seeing Lizzie trying to burn a dress covered in paint. Police also noted that Lizzie's answers to their questions were often contradictory.

Lizzie Borden by B.W. Clinedinst
Lizzie Borden by B.W. Clinedinst

Lizzie was arrested on August 11, 1892, following an inquest. She faced a trial in June 1893. During the inquest, her testimony was often erratic. She sometimes claimed she was reading or ironing, while other times she said she was elsewhere. Because of these inconsistencies, the inquest testimony was ruled inadmissible at her trial. In the end, the jury decided she was not guilty.

Lizzie Borden Trial Jury
Lizzie Borden Trial Jury

Lizzie Borden lived the rest of her life in Fall River. Although she was acquitted, many local residents treated her with social distance. She died of pneumonia in 1927 at the age of 66. Her death occurred only nine days before her sister Emma passed away. The Borden case has since become a permanent fixture in American culture. It is frequently featured in films, books, and theatrical plays.

Lizzie Borden by B.W. Clinedinst
Lizzie Borden by B.W. Clinedinst
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File:Borden House 92 Second St Fall River Massachusetts 1892.jpg
Borden House 92 Second St Fall River...
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Lizzie Borden by B.W. Clinedinst.jpg
File:Lizzie Borden Trial Jury.jpg
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