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Lightning strike

physical science Maturity 7-9 Next article →

A lightning strike is a sudden flash of electricity. This happens when an electric discharge moves between the atmosphere and the ground.

Rural nightime lightning strike
Rural nightime lightning strike

Most of these strikes begin in a cumulonimbus cloud. They travel down to the earth, which is called cloud-to-ground lightning. Sometimes, lightning moves from the ground up into the clouds. This is called ground-to-cloud lightning and happens from tall objects. Most lightning actually stays high in the sky. These are called intracloud or cloud-to-cloud strikes.

Lightning striking the Eiffel Tower - NOAA
Lightning striking the Eiffel Tower - NOAA

Lightning can hurt people in several different ways. A direct strike happens when a person is part of the electric path. This can cause internal burns or damage to the nervous system. A contact injury happens if a person touches an object that is electrified. Sometimes, electricity can even jump from the main path to a person. This is called a side splash. There are also blast injuries from the loud shock wave.

Lightning damage
Lightning damage

Electricity can also travel through the surface of the earth. This is called ground current or step potential. When lightning hits, the ground becomes highly electrified. The electricity looks for a good path to move. It often chooses a person's legs to flow through. This ground current causes more injuries and deaths than direct strikes. In Norway, one storm even killed 323 wild reindeer this way.

Lightning struck tree 2
Lightning struck tree 2

Lightning is very common all over our world. There are about 6,000 strikes every single minute. This means there are over 8 million strikes every day. In the United States, lightning causes about 51 deaths every year on average. In Kisii, Kenya, about 30 people die from lightning each year. This happens because of many storms and metal roofs. In Australia, about 100 people are injured by lightning every year.

Pointed Lightning Rod
Pointed Lightning Rod

Nature also feels the power of these huge flashes. Lightning can start massive forest fires in places like Siberia. It can even shatter rocks. This happens when water inside a rock turns to steam very fast. The steam makes a small explosion that breaks the rock apart.

LightningStruckTreeTorontoIslands1991
LightningStruckTreeTorontoIslands1991

If you see a blue haze or smell ozone, a strike might be near. It is best to find a safe, enclosed space right away.

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🖼️ Images & Media (10)
File:Rural nightime lightning strike.png
Rural nightime lightning strike.png
File:Lightning striking the Eiffel Tower - NOAA.jpg
Lightning striking the Eiffel Tower - NOAA.jpg
File:20150506-LondonGardenMuseum-8.jpg
20150506-LondonGardenMuseum-8.jpg
File:Lightning damage.jpg
Lightning damage.jpg
File:Lightning struck tree 2.jpg
Lightning struck tree 2.jpg
File:LightningStruckTreeTorontoIslands1991.jpg
LightningStruckTreeTorontoIslands1991.jpg
File:Zephyrometer Lightning Damage.JPG
Zephyrometer Lightning Damage.JPG
File:Pointed Lightning Rod.jpg
Pointed Lightning Rod.jpg
File:IStrike Lightning Siren in Noblesville, IN.jpg
IStrike Lightning Siren in Noblesville, IN.jpg
File:Lightning warning system 1.jpg
Lightning warning system 1.jpg
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